This book is dedicated to addressing important basics of soil physics and morphology, relief and management systems. The concepts presented are aimed at investigating their role in soil water conservation. A case study of the fundamentals discussed in the final chapter is also addressed. Thus, the content of this book contributes to fill existing gaps in water management for water regulation and supply. Such information can be useful in erosion control in agricultural areas, advancing the incorporation of soil hydrology in precision farming techniques, as well as in periods of drought.