The scientific protocol for space maintenance is to evaluate the space available that is whether the space is sufficient for eruption of succedaneous teeth or regaining space is necessary. Also a space control involves constant revaluation of the developing dentitions. Failure to recognize the deviation from the normal exfoliation and eruption sequence results in unnecessary expenditure and lengthy orthodontic treatment.Thus space maintainers are appliances that use to maintain space or regain minor amounts of space lost, so as to guide the unerupted tooth into the proper position of arch. This dissertation is a humble effort to review the literature of space maintenance after premature loss of deciduous teeth.