Introduction Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) is one of the most cultivated vegetable crops in Uganda.Production per annum is about 130,586 MT with yields ranging between 600 kg/ha and 7,125 kg/ha. Root-knot nematodes are the major nematode species causing damage to tomato, resulting in yield losses as high as 80%. Abstract This book presents results from glasshouse experiments conducted at the Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO) Merelbeke Belgium using nematode-laden tomato roots from growers' fields in Uganda to establish the diversity of Meloidogyne spp. infecting tomato in Uganda, ascertain occurrence of agroecological species- specificity, as well as investigate the existence of single or species mixtures in these areas. A combination of methods namely: molecular,biochemical as well as morphological were employed to ensure accurate identification of the species, as no single method seemed conclusive. The methods used were Species- specific PCR, Sequencing of the D2D3 expansion region of the 28S rDNA gene, Isozyme phenotypes and perineal pattern morphology. Target users Extension staff and Researchers.