Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. In geometry, a square pyramid is a pyramid having a square base. If the apex is perpendicularly above the center of the square, it will have C4v symmetry. If the sides are all equilateral triangles, the pyramid is one of the Johnson solids (J1). The 92 Johnson solids were named and described by Norman Johnson in 1966. The Johnson square pyramid can be characterized by a single edge-length parameter a. The height H (from the midpoint of the square to the apex), the surface area A (including all five faces), and the volume V of such a pyramid are: H=frac{1}{sqrt{2}}a A=(1+sqrt{3})a^2 V=frac{sqrt{2}}{6}a^3