The tandem of "inter-ethnic conflict - violence", iterative in the province of North Kivu, is a framework in which individuals or groups of individuals clash to settle their differences and/or achieve their political ambitions. For more than two decades, this has been the order of the day in a province beset by unprecedented security uncertainty, cloned by the identity-based mobilization of composite communities, against a backdrop of an integration crisis, serving the socio-political and economic interests of the cause's entrepreneurs. The result is boiling frustrations between homogeneous groups, which for years have been covering the identity territory of ethnic groups, torn between "native" and "non-native" imaginations. Indeed, the question of violence in North Kivu is, in its generality, an analysis of overflow, sometimes dominated by emotional reactions to large-scale violence, accredited to images of victims of clashes between ethnic groups, looting of property, and murders perpetrated by ethnic self-defense groups.
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