The substrates used to grow vegetables can have different chemical, physical and biological characteristics, influencing the initial development and productivity of these crops. This book therefore carries out a literature review on the influence of substrates on the production of vegetables. It was shown that the best results for vegetables were achieved with substrates composed of agricultural by-products (31.8%). Checking the results by family, it was identified that agricultural by-products showed the best results in Solanaceaes (28.6%), Brassicaceaes (40.9%) and Asteraceaes (68.8%). Overall, considering the study carried out, it is clear that the use of alternative substrates is viable for the production of vegetables.