Study on surface engineered nanomaterial is a growing attention in the recent days due to incredible application in biomedical science. Among the nanomaterial's, natural biomolecules hold immense potential in the field of surface engineering as effective use in drug delivery to treat microbial infections as they show several advantages when compared to conventional antibiotic formulations. In this book, biopolymer coated nanoparticles were prepared and immobilized on the surface of nanomaterials, and their ability to enhance the antibacterial activity against clinical pathogens were investigated.