This book is a good recipe for chemical engineers, chemists and environmentalists as it is a cross cutting concept on waste to wealth cum applications of renewable sources of porous carbons for environmental remediation. Surface modification of the porous carbons tends to imrpove the inherent adsorptive properties of the carbon. The realization of the importance of these properties such as porosity, surface chemistry, pore volume, pore size, pore shape and surface area is crucial to the specific application of these porous carbons in environmental remediation such as water treatment, carbon sequesteration and other extensive applications. The presence of functional groups as a result of modification and diffenece in Angstrom and nonometer became pertinent for sophisticated reactions leading to effective biocompatibility of the final products and remediation.