The objective of this book is to unravel the relationship that subsists between sustainable development and environmental impact assessment (EIA) under International Environmental Law, with particular attention to the Cameroonian experience. The mystery why sustainable development still remains a daunting challenge in Cameroon despite the domestication of global, regional and sub regional multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs) has been given considerable attention. This book seeks therefore to examine the extent to which the principle of sustainable development has adversely been affected in Cameroon as a result of the poor management of the relationship between economic development and environmental protection. Broadly based on qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection, the results obtained are to the effect that there is an antagonistic relationship between economic development and environmental protection in Cameroon. The book rounds up with a plethora of recommendations for the power that be so as to ensure the smooth implementation of the principle of sustainable development.