In medicine, the term "syndrome" refers to a combination of symptoms that either result from a single cause or occur together so commonly that they constitute a distinct clinical picture. Clinical features of different syndromes are influenced by mutated genes. Syndromes are not a common scenario in clinical practice; so the clinician may be challenged by "sub-syndromal" conditions and needs thorough investigations before finalizing a diagnosis. Diagnosis of a syndrome requires astute observation. A more deep understanding of the molecular pathways involved in craniofacial development will show new horizons toward therapeutic potential.The future holds the new vistas of hope for all special children who can live a life that is aesthetically, functionally and psychologically normal.