The present monograph is dedicated to description of Georgian astronomical manuscript "Star Book" of XVIII century. The geocentric Universe, the Sun, the Moon and planets, constellations and stars, rare astronomical phenomena, instruments, tables and maps were described in this astronomical manuscript. This little studied astronomical manuscript contains information of different scientific directions, unknown names, facts, and data. We considered in the present monograph the scientific significance of the astronomical manuscript "Star Book", including the scientific views and theories of the manuscript's author. We proposed our understanding, explanations, and ideas. This monograph will be useful for researchers in the fields of astronomy, the history of astronomy, interrelations of Eastern and Western cultures, also lecturers, PhD students and readers with general scientific interests.