Before the Gold Rush of 1848-1858, Alta (Upper) California was an isolated cattle frontier--and home to a colorful group of Spanish-speaking, non-indigenous people known as Californios. Profiting from the forced labor of large numbers of local Indians, they carved out an almost feudal way of life, raising cattle along the California coast and valleys. Visitors described them as a good-looking, vibrant, improvident people. Many traces of their culture remain in California. Yet their prosperity rested entirely on undisputed ownership of large ranches. As they lost control of these in the wake of…mehr
Before the Gold Rush of 1848-1858, Alta (Upper) California was an isolated cattle frontier--and home to a colorful group of Spanish-speaking, non-indigenous people known as Californios. Profiting from the forced labor of large numbers of local Indians, they carved out an almost feudal way of life, raising cattle along the California coast and valleys. Visitors described them as a good-looking, vibrant, improvident people. Many traces of their culture remain in California. Yet their prosperity rested entirely on undisputed ownership of large ranches. As they lost control of these in the wake of the Mexican War, they lost their high status and many were reduced to subsistence-level jobs or fell into abject poverty. Drawing on firsthand contemporary accounts, the authors chronicle the rise and fall of Californio men and women.
Hunt Janin is an American writer living in southwestern France. He has written numerous nonfiction and scholarly books on a range of subjects, including medieval history and cross-cultural studies.
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Table of Contents Preface: Alta California and the Californios Introduction: Californios Under Three Flags 1. Taking Possession of Alta California: The Portolá Expedition 2. The Naval Department of San Blas 3. Missions and Missionaries 4. Ranchos 5. Presidios and Soldiers 6. Pueblos and Their Inhabitants 7. A Pirate Attack on Monterey 8. The Old Spanish Trail 9. Californio Men and Californio Women 10. Foreigners in Alta California 11. Governing the Californios 12. Californios in the U.S.-Mexican War of 1846-1848 13. Land Titles 14. Kaleidoscope of Californio Events 15. Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo 16. The Eclipse of the Old Californio Order: From Rancho to Barrio 17. Opinions on the Californios and Their Works 18. Three Young Californio Women Conclusion: Six Calamities of Californio Life Annotated Chronology, 1510-1890 Appendix 1: Notes on California Ports, 1769-1850 Appendix 2: Rancho Camulos Appendix 3: Jo Mora on the Nuqueo Appendix 4: An Interview with the Californio Bandit Tiburcio Vasquez (1835-1875) Appendix 5: A Recipe for Puchero, a Californio Meat Stew Chapter Notes Bibliography Index
Table of Contents Preface: Alta California and the Californios Introduction: Californios Under Three Flags 1. Taking Possession of Alta California: The Portolá Expedition 2. The Naval Department of San Blas 3. Missions and Missionaries 4. Ranchos 5. Presidios and Soldiers 6. Pueblos and Their Inhabitants 7. A Pirate Attack on Monterey 8. The Old Spanish Trail 9. Californio Men and Californio Women 10. Foreigners in Alta California 11. Governing the Californios 12. Californios in the U.S.-Mexican War of 1846-1848 13. Land Titles 14. Kaleidoscope of Californio Events 15. Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo 16. The Eclipse of the Old Californio Order: From Rancho to Barrio 17. Opinions on the Californios and Their Works 18. Three Young Californio Women Conclusion: Six Calamities of Californio Life Annotated Chronology, 1510-1890 Appendix 1: Notes on California Ports, 1769-1850 Appendix 2: Rancho Camulos Appendix 3: Jo Mora on the Nuqueo Appendix 4: An Interview with the Californio Bandit Tiburcio Vasquez (1835-1875) Appendix 5: A Recipe for Puchero, a Californio Meat Stew Chapter Notes Bibliography Index
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