"During the reign of Kawåad I (AD 498-531), king of åEråanésahr (Realm of the Iranians), a Zoroastrian priest by the name of Mazdak, son of Båamdåad, appears in some sources whose rulings about property and ownership have been deemed proto-socialist. According to sources in Middle Persian (henceforth: MP) of the late Sasanian Empire (AD 224-651), Mazdak promoted the sharing of women and property. The socialist message of Mazdak called for the creation of an egalitarian system of the distribution of wealth during a time of famine and political turmoil. The lower classes appear to have favored…mehr
"During the reign of Kawåad I (AD 498-531), king of åEråanésahr (Realm of the Iranians), a Zoroastrian priest by the name of Mazdak, son of Båamdåad, appears in some sources whose rulings about property and ownership have been deemed proto-socialist. According to sources in Middle Persian (henceforth: MP) of the late Sasanian Empire (AD 224-651), Mazdak promoted the sharing of women and property. The socialist message of Mazdak called for the creation of an egalitarian system of the distribution of wealth during a time of famine and political turmoil. The lower classes appear to have favored Mazdak's beliefs, when he claimed his rulings were based on his interpretation of the Zoroastrian holy text, the Avesta. The reason for Mazdak's ruling was to bring aid to the hungry and the naked, but more importantly, he wanted to make a substantial social and economic change in an otherwise stratified Iranian society.1 With Mazdak and the backing of the king, a social and economic revolution took place in the Sasanian Empire, which empowered the state at the cost of the nobility, and enabled the kings of Iran to rule for another two centuries"--Hinweis: Dieser Artikel kann nur an eine deutsche Lieferadresse ausgeliefert werden.
Volume I: Introduction to Volume I Part I. Beginnings Section 1. Egalitarianism: 1. Mazdak and late antiquity 'socialism' 2. Egalitarianism in Islamic thought and praxis 3. Egalitarianism in Europe: Hussites, Anabaptists, Racovians, Hutterites and Diggers 4. The Taiping land program: creating a moral environment Section 2. Early Socialisms: 5. Saint-Simon and Saint-Simonism 6. Robert Owen and Owenism 7. Charles Fourier and Fourierism 8. Etienne Cabet and the Icarian movement in France and the United States 9. Wilhelm Weitling and early German socialism Section 3. The Arrival of the Hostile Siblings: Marxism and Anarchism: 10. The International Working Men's Association (1864-1876/77) 11. Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, and early workers' movements 12. Pierre-Joseph Proudhon's mutualist social science 13. Mikhail Bakunin and social anarchism 14. Peter Kropotkin and communist anarchism Part II. Negating State-Power Section 4. The North-Atlantic Region: 15. Anarchism and syndicalism in France 16. Spain in revolt: the revolutionary legacy of anarchism and anarcho-syndicalism 17. Anarchism and syndicalism in Italy 18. Anarchism and syndicalism in the United Kingdom 19. Anarchism and syndicalism in the United States Section 5. Africa, Asia and Latin America: 20. Mexican socialism 21. Anarchism and syndicalism in Argentina 22. Anarchism and syndicalism in Brazil 23. Anarchism and syndicalism in South Africa 24. Anarchism and syndicalism in China Section 6. Worldwide Connections: 25. Anarchist transnationalism 26. The global revival of anarchism and syndicalism. Volume II: Introduction to Volume II Part I. Transforming State-Power Section 1. Social Democratic Routes in Europe: 1. Social Democracy in Germany 2. Social Democracy in Austria 3. Social Democracy in Sweden 4. The British Labour Party 5. Social Democracy in Georgia 6. The General Jewish Workers' Bund Section 2. Social Democratic Routes in Australia, the Americas and Asia: 7. The Australian Labor Party 8. Social Democracy in Argentina 9. The Partido dos Trabalhadores in Brazil 10. Still small voice: the persistence of the social-democratic idea in United States history 11. Social Democracy in Japan Section 3. Worldwide Connections: 12. The Second International (1889-1914) 13. The Second International Reconstituted: the Labour and Socialist International (1923-1940) 14. The rise and fall of the Asian Socialist Conference (1952-56) 15. The Socialist International (1951-) and the Progressive Alliance (2013-) 16. Municipal socialism Section 4. Southern Trajectories: 17. Socialism, Zionism, and settler colonialism in Israel/Palestine 18. Socialism in India Madhavan 19. The Lanka Sama Samaja Party 20. African Socialism 21. Arab Socialism 22. Chavismo: revolutionary Bolivarianism in Venezuela Section 5. Left Socialisms: 23. The London Bureau 24. European left-socialist parties since the 1950s 25. The New Left as a global current since the late 1950s Part II. Transversal Perspectives: 26. Socialism and colonialism 27. Socialism, gender and the emancipation of women 28. Socialism and ecology 29. Crises and futures of social democracy.
Volume I: Introduction to Volume I Part I. Beginnings Section 1. Egalitarianism: 1. Mazdak and late antiquity 'socialism' 2. Egalitarianism in Islamic thought and praxis 3. Egalitarianism in Europe: Hussites, Anabaptists, Racovians, Hutterites and Diggers 4. The Taiping land program: creating a moral environment Section 2. Early Socialisms: 5. Saint-Simon and Saint-Simonism 6. Robert Owen and Owenism 7. Charles Fourier and Fourierism 8. Etienne Cabet and the Icarian movement in France and the United States 9. Wilhelm Weitling and early German socialism Section 3. The Arrival of the Hostile Siblings: Marxism and Anarchism: 10. The International Working Men's Association (1864-1876/77) 11. Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, and early workers' movements 12. Pierre-Joseph Proudhon's mutualist social science 13. Mikhail Bakunin and social anarchism 14. Peter Kropotkin and communist anarchism Part II. Negating State-Power Section 4. The North-Atlantic Region: 15. Anarchism and syndicalism in France 16. Spain in revolt: the revolutionary legacy of anarchism and anarcho-syndicalism 17. Anarchism and syndicalism in Italy 18. Anarchism and syndicalism in the United Kingdom 19. Anarchism and syndicalism in the United States Section 5. Africa, Asia and Latin America: 20. Mexican socialism 21. Anarchism and syndicalism in Argentina 22. Anarchism and syndicalism in Brazil 23. Anarchism and syndicalism in South Africa 24. Anarchism and syndicalism in China Section 6. Worldwide Connections: 25. Anarchist transnationalism 26. The global revival of anarchism and syndicalism. Volume II: Introduction to Volume II Part I. Transforming State-Power Section 1. Social Democratic Routes in Europe: 1. Social Democracy in Germany 2. Social Democracy in Austria 3. Social Democracy in Sweden 4. The British Labour Party 5. Social Democracy in Georgia 6. The General Jewish Workers' Bund Section 2. Social Democratic Routes in Australia, the Americas and Asia: 7. The Australian Labor Party 8. Social Democracy in Argentina 9. The Partido dos Trabalhadores in Brazil 10. Still small voice: the persistence of the social-democratic idea in United States history 11. Social Democracy in Japan Section 3. Worldwide Connections: 12. The Second International (1889-1914) 13. The Second International Reconstituted: the Labour and Socialist International (1923-1940) 14. The rise and fall of the Asian Socialist Conference (1952-56) 15. The Socialist International (1951-) and the Progressive Alliance (2013-) 16. Municipal socialism Section 4. Southern Trajectories: 17. Socialism, Zionism, and settler colonialism in Israel/Palestine 18. Socialism in India Madhavan 19. The Lanka Sama Samaja Party 20. African Socialism 21. Arab Socialism 22. Chavismo: revolutionary Bolivarianism in Venezuela Section 5. Left Socialisms: 23. The London Bureau 24. European left-socialist parties since the 1950s 25. The New Left as a global current since the late 1950s Part II. Transversal Perspectives: 26. Socialism and colonialism 27. Socialism, gender and the emancipation of women 28. Socialism and ecology 29. Crises and futures of social democracy.
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