The present book briefly presents the elements that give originality to the Chinese model of sustainable development by solving the "enigma" of the complementarity between Chinese socialism and the Western market economy. Thus, while Western neo-liberalism devised its managerial profile according to "as slight as possible State" principle, the communist authorities in China have legitimately hold the authority of the Communist Party, but have liberalized the property. Pointing to the differences between Bolshevist socialism, Western capitalist model and Chinese model, the author explains the difference existing between the concept of lasting development and sustainable development with arguments from China's recent history, which for forty years has experienced unbroken economic growth and have not been influenced either by the downfall of East-European Communist parties, or the devastating economic crisis started in 2007-2008. If the 20th century was American, will the 21st century be Chinese? However, this point of view belonging to the sociological approach should not be ignored; a democratic world must ensure the legitimate free flow of all views.