Attention refers to our ability to selectively process the vast array of stimuli impinging upon our senses at every moment. The mental processes of attention are critical for allowing us to maintain focus and complete tasks efficiently, even within distracting environments. The brain mechanisms of attention have been studied for decades, yet much still remains unknown, and consensus on core issues remains elusive. A unique aspect of this book are chapters that highlight recent debates on critical issues in attention research. Each of these chapters includes a comprehensive discussion paper…mehr
Attention refers to our ability to selectively process the vast array of stimuli impinging upon our senses at every moment. The mental processes of attention are critical for allowing us to maintain focus and complete tasks efficiently, even within distracting environments. The brain mechanisms of attention have been studied for decades, yet much still remains unknown, and consensus on core issues remains elusive. A unique aspect of this book are chapters that highlight recent debates on critical issues in attention research. Each of these chapters includes a comprehensive discussion paper that is followed by peer commentaries and an authors' responses. These debates include whether attention can modulate activity of even the earliest cortical processing region and whether changes in white matter are critical for plasticity-related effects of attention training. In addition to these discussion chapters, the book presents cutting-edge research on some of the newest theories of attentional control and selective attention, including the influence of practice, epigenetics, reward, social interaction, and distractor suppression. These studies employ advanced cognitive neuroscience methods such as neurostimulation, functional neuroimaging pattern analysis, and the evaluation of oscillatory brain activity to shed light on the brain mechanisms underlying attention. The chapters in this book were originally published as articles in various issues of the journal Cognitive Neuroscience.Hinweis: Dieser Artikel kann nur an eine deutsche Lieferadresse ausgeliefert werden.
Joseph B. Hopfinger is Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA, and Co-Editor-in-Chief of the journal Cognitive Neuroscience. He studies the neural mechanisms of attention and plasticity, using event-related potentials, functional MRI, and transcranial alternating current stimulation. Scott D. Slotnick is Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience at Boston College, USA, Co-Editor-in-Chief of Cognitive Neuroscience, and author of Controversies in Cognitive Neuroscience and Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory. He employs functional magnetic resonance imaging, electroencephalography, and transcranial magnetic stimulation to investigate brain mechanisms underlying memory and attention.
Inhaltsangabe
Introduction Joseph B. Hopfinger & Scott D. Slotnick Chapter 1. The Earliest Effects of Attention on Cortical Processing: Debate Does spatial attention modulate the earliest component of the visual evoked potential? Hannah M. Baumgartner, Christian J. Graulty, Steven A. Hillyard & Michael A. Pitts A sensory evoked response or precise anticipatory modulation? Mechanisms underlying the reported C1 modulation by spatial attention Yulong Ding A controversy of whether the early C1 ERP is affected by attention Stanley Klein Modulation of the earliest visual evoked potential by attention: now you see it, now you don't Gilles Pourtois, Valentina Rossi, Patrik Vuilleumier & Karsten Rauss Task dependence of early attention modulation: the plot thickens Simon P. Kelly & Kieran S. Mohr How early does attention modulate visual information processing? The importance of experimental protocol and data analysis approach Heleen A. Slagter, Josipa Alilovic & Simon Van Gaal Open and cautious towards the "minority view" Shimin Fu Does spatial attention modulate the C1 component? The jury continues to deliberate Hannah M. Baumgartner, Christian J. Graulty, Steven A. Hillyard & Michael A. Pitts Chapter 2. Parameters That Affect Early Attention Modulation: Debate The experimental parameters that affect attentional modulation of the ERP C1 component Scott D. Slotnick 'Tricks' for revealing potential attentional modulations on the C1 component Shimin Fu Identifying and removing overlaps from adjacent components is important in investigations of C1 modulation by attention Zhe Qu & Yulong Ding Endogenous attention to object features modulates the ERP C1 component Alberto Zani & Alice Mado Proverbio Still wanted: a reproducible demonstration of a genuine C1 attention effect Michael A. Pitts & Steven A. Hillyard Insignificant C1 effects cannot be called 'marginally significant' Francesco Di Russo The spatiotemporal characteristics of the C1 component and its modulation by attention Kieran S. Mohr & Simon P. Kelly Several studies with significant C1 attention effects survive critical analysis Scott D. Slotnick Chapter 3. Relation of White Matter Changes to Practice-Induced Improvements in Attention: Debate How changes in white matter might underlie improved reaction time due to practice Pascale Voelker, Denise Piscopo, Aldis P. Weible, Gary Lynch, Mary K. Rothbart, Michael I. Posner & Cristopher M. Niell Cognitive enhancement: it's about time Heleen A. Slagter, Marlies E. Vissers, Lotte J. Talsma & K. Richard Ridderinkhof Promises and pitfalls of relating alteration of white matter pathways causing improvement in cognitive performance Dipanjan Roy & V. S. Chandrasekhar Pammi Cellular mechanisms of adaptive myelination: bridging the gap between animal studies and human cognition Helena Bujalka & Ben Emery Relation of higher-frequency oscillatory activity to white matter changes and to core mechanisms of attention Joseph B. Hopfinger Is reaction time an index of white matter connectivity during training? Shenbing Kuang Possible neural oscillatory mechanisms underlying learning Olga Kepinska & Niels O. Schiller Complex models of white and gray matter integration following training J. Michael Williams Training and transfer in aging - is pathway overlap really necessary? Daniela Aisenberg, Zahira Ziva Cohen & Omer Linkovski The relationship between functional magnetic resonance imaging activation, diffusion tensor imaging, and training effects Danielle Farrar & Andrew E. Budson Reaction time as a stochastic process implemented by functional brain networks Constantinos I. Siettos & Nikolaos Smyrnis White matter and reaction time: Reply to commentaries Pascale Voelker, Denise Piscopo, Aldis P. Weible, Gary Lynch, Mary K. Rothbart, Michael I. Posner & Cristopher M. Niell Chapter 4. Oscillatory Activity and Spatial Attention Differential effects of 10-Hz and 40-Hz transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) on endogenous versus exogenous attention Joseph B. Hopfinger, Jonathan Parsons & Flavio Fröhlich Cross-frequency coupling of alpha oscillatory power to the entrainment rhythm of a spatially attended input stream Tommy J. Wilson & John J. Foxe Chapter 5. Value-Based Attentional Priority Neural correlates of attentional capture by stimuli previously associated with social reward Andy J. Kim & Brian A. Anderson Recording brain activity can function as an implied social presence and alter neural connectivity Benjamin O. Turner, Alan Kingstone, Evan F. Risko, Tyler Santander, Jeanne Li & Michael B. Miller Reward-based plasticity of spatial priority maps: Exploiting inter-subject variability to probe the underlying neurobiology Chiara Della Libera, Riccardo Calletti, Jana Etöinová, Leonardo Chelazzi & Elisa Santandrea Early retinotopic responses to violations of emotion-location associations may depend on conscious awareness Laura Herde, Valentina Rossi, Gilles Pourtois & Karsten Rauss Chapter 6. Feature-Based Attentional Selection and Attentional Inhibition Continuous and discrete representations of feature-based attentional priority in human frontoparietal network Mengyuan Gong & Taosheng Liu Role of the dorsal attention network in distracter suppression based on features Armien Lanssens, Gloria Pizzamiglio, Dante Mantini & Celine R. Gillebert Gating by inhibition during top-down control of willed attention Jesse J. Bengson, Yuelu Liu, Natalia Khodayari & George R. Mangun Chapter 7. The Effects of Practice and Selection History on Attention From alternation to repetition: Spatial attention biases contribute to sequential effects in a choice reaction-time task Jessica J. Green, Thomas M. Spalek & John J. McDonald Methylation polymorphism influences practice effects in children during attention tasks Pascale Voelker, Brad E. Sheese, Mary K. Rothbart & Michael I. Posner Chapter 8. Executive Function and Working Memory Recovery of information from latent memory stores decreases over time Asal Nouri & Edward F. Ester Task goals modulate the activation of part-based versus object-based representations in visual working memory Cody W. McCants, Tobias Katus & Martin Eimer
Introduction Joseph B. Hopfinger & Scott D. Slotnick Chapter 1. The Earliest Effects of Attention on Cortical Processing: Debate Does spatial attention modulate the earliest component of the visual evoked potential? Hannah M. Baumgartner, Christian J. Graulty, Steven A. Hillyard & Michael A. Pitts A sensory evoked response or precise anticipatory modulation? Mechanisms underlying the reported C1 modulation by spatial attention Yulong Ding A controversy of whether the early C1 ERP is affected by attention Stanley Klein Modulation of the earliest visual evoked potential by attention: now you see it, now you don't Gilles Pourtois, Valentina Rossi, Patrik Vuilleumier & Karsten Rauss Task dependence of early attention modulation: the plot thickens Simon P. Kelly & Kieran S. Mohr How early does attention modulate visual information processing? The importance of experimental protocol and data analysis approach Heleen A. Slagter, Josipa Alilovic & Simon Van Gaal Open and cautious towards the "minority view" Shimin Fu Does spatial attention modulate the C1 component? The jury continues to deliberate Hannah M. Baumgartner, Christian J. Graulty, Steven A. Hillyard & Michael A. Pitts Chapter 2. Parameters That Affect Early Attention Modulation: Debate The experimental parameters that affect attentional modulation of the ERP C1 component Scott D. Slotnick 'Tricks' for revealing potential attentional modulations on the C1 component Shimin Fu Identifying and removing overlaps from adjacent components is important in investigations of C1 modulation by attention Zhe Qu & Yulong Ding Endogenous attention to object features modulates the ERP C1 component Alberto Zani & Alice Mado Proverbio Still wanted: a reproducible demonstration of a genuine C1 attention effect Michael A. Pitts & Steven A. Hillyard Insignificant C1 effects cannot be called 'marginally significant' Francesco Di Russo The spatiotemporal characteristics of the C1 component and its modulation by attention Kieran S. Mohr & Simon P. Kelly Several studies with significant C1 attention effects survive critical analysis Scott D. Slotnick Chapter 3. Relation of White Matter Changes to Practice-Induced Improvements in Attention: Debate How changes in white matter might underlie improved reaction time due to practice Pascale Voelker, Denise Piscopo, Aldis P. Weible, Gary Lynch, Mary K. Rothbart, Michael I. Posner & Cristopher M. Niell Cognitive enhancement: it's about time Heleen A. Slagter, Marlies E. Vissers, Lotte J. Talsma & K. Richard Ridderinkhof Promises and pitfalls of relating alteration of white matter pathways causing improvement in cognitive performance Dipanjan Roy & V. S. Chandrasekhar Pammi Cellular mechanisms of adaptive myelination: bridging the gap between animal studies and human cognition Helena Bujalka & Ben Emery Relation of higher-frequency oscillatory activity to white matter changes and to core mechanisms of attention Joseph B. Hopfinger Is reaction time an index of white matter connectivity during training? Shenbing Kuang Possible neural oscillatory mechanisms underlying learning Olga Kepinska & Niels O. Schiller Complex models of white and gray matter integration following training J. Michael Williams Training and transfer in aging - is pathway overlap really necessary? Daniela Aisenberg, Zahira Ziva Cohen & Omer Linkovski The relationship between functional magnetic resonance imaging activation, diffusion tensor imaging, and training effects Danielle Farrar & Andrew E. Budson Reaction time as a stochastic process implemented by functional brain networks Constantinos I. Siettos & Nikolaos Smyrnis White matter and reaction time: Reply to commentaries Pascale Voelker, Denise Piscopo, Aldis P. Weible, Gary Lynch, Mary K. Rothbart, Michael I. Posner & Cristopher M. Niell Chapter 4. Oscillatory Activity and Spatial Attention Differential effects of 10-Hz and 40-Hz transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) on endogenous versus exogenous attention Joseph B. Hopfinger, Jonathan Parsons & Flavio Fröhlich Cross-frequency coupling of alpha oscillatory power to the entrainment rhythm of a spatially attended input stream Tommy J. Wilson & John J. Foxe Chapter 5. Value-Based Attentional Priority Neural correlates of attentional capture by stimuli previously associated with social reward Andy J. Kim & Brian A. Anderson Recording brain activity can function as an implied social presence and alter neural connectivity Benjamin O. Turner, Alan Kingstone, Evan F. Risko, Tyler Santander, Jeanne Li & Michael B. Miller Reward-based plasticity of spatial priority maps: Exploiting inter-subject variability to probe the underlying neurobiology Chiara Della Libera, Riccardo Calletti, Jana Etöinová, Leonardo Chelazzi & Elisa Santandrea Early retinotopic responses to violations of emotion-location associations may depend on conscious awareness Laura Herde, Valentina Rossi, Gilles Pourtois & Karsten Rauss Chapter 6. Feature-Based Attentional Selection and Attentional Inhibition Continuous and discrete representations of feature-based attentional priority in human frontoparietal network Mengyuan Gong & Taosheng Liu Role of the dorsal attention network in distracter suppression based on features Armien Lanssens, Gloria Pizzamiglio, Dante Mantini & Celine R. Gillebert Gating by inhibition during top-down control of willed attention Jesse J. Bengson, Yuelu Liu, Natalia Khodayari & George R. Mangun Chapter 7. The Effects of Practice and Selection History on Attention From alternation to repetition: Spatial attention biases contribute to sequential effects in a choice reaction-time task Jessica J. Green, Thomas M. Spalek & John J. McDonald Methylation polymorphism influences practice effects in children during attention tasks Pascale Voelker, Brad E. Sheese, Mary K. Rothbart & Michael I. Posner Chapter 8. Executive Function and Working Memory Recovery of information from latent memory stores decreases over time Asal Nouri & Edward F. Ester Task goals modulate the activation of part-based versus object-based representations in visual working memory Cody W. McCants, Tobias Katus & Martin Eimer
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