This paper reports on the knowledge gained from the implementation of the operation to identify and care for the indigent in the Boucle du Mouhoun region. This experience has a twofold perspective: First, how to make available a simple method based on a community approach to identify the poorest in the community? Secondly, how to facilitate their access to social health care in basic health services through the definition of a free care basket? This strategy is innovative and involves several steps which are outlined in this book. It is a departure from top-down policies and strategies, which are often weak in their effectiveness and uncertain in their sustainability. The community that refers to you people they feel are most in need of assistance for social and health care is the best entry point for building a sustainable foundation of shared trust and balanced power relations.