It is estimated that almost one billion people regularly suffer from hunger worldwide; most of whom are women and children and that one child dies every six seconds from hunger related causes in the the whole world. Under-nutrition prevents children from reaching their full developmental and cognitive potential. It usually occurs because of prolonged discrepancy between food consumption and the nutritional needs.This book assesses the food security and nutrition situation of rural populations in the Republic of Southern Sudan so as to generate information that will assist in the targeting of food assistance and nutrition intervention, in clinical settings geographically and at household level