This book is the result of the research related to the Master's thesis in Legal Sciences, which had as its main objective to analyse the effectiveness of the custody hearing in the fight against crime in the State of Sergipe during the period from 2015 to 2017, contextualising its introduction in the Brazilian legal system by international pacts and treaties to which Brazil is a signatory and the new situation formed in the judicial system regarding crimes committed in flagrante delicto.