The study described in this book presents the effects of erythropoietin on Telomerase activity and regulation in malignant and non- malignant non-erythroid cells. Erythropoietin's exposure upregulates telomerase activity in a post translational level by the Lyn/SRC AKT axis. Inhibition of telomerase that shortens telomeres abolished that effect, suggesting that erythropoietin's treatment might be given with anti- telomerase compounds to minimize the upregulation of telomerase in the cancer cells.