This book is based on the author's dissertation for his Master's degree in Political Economy, which was awarded with a "Very Good" distinction. In recent years, there has been a particular interest in "Islamic finance", especially on the part of banks. But this interest is mainly limited to adapting banking products to the principles of the Islamic religion. A proper understanding of Islamic finance cannot be achieved without knowledge of the fundamental principles of the "Islamic Economy", to which it is intimately linked and related. This book responds to this need, and is aimed particularly at students, teachers, economists and financiers. It is an overview of economics in Islam, covering the basic concepts, the rules of trade, the forms of companies and the organisation of economic life, with a study of one example, the city of Fez. However, despite the specialist content of the subject, the style adopted makes the book accessible to anyone wishing to learn about the principles of Islamic economics.