In Algeria, hydrocarbons play a very important role in the country's economic development. The increase of the oil rent, following the joint increase of the volumes produced and the price of hydrocarbons, has allowed an average growth of the GDP of 4% per year between 2001 and 2007.Because the decisions to be taken in the field of energy determine to a large extent the economic and social development of the country, the study aims to establish projections of consumption, production and export of oil and gas in Algeria by 2020-2030, in order to provide one of the challenges of energy policy, facing all the internal and external constraints (barrel price, economic growth, population growth, ...).