Explanations of naturalization and jus soli citizenship have relied on cultural, convergence, racialization, or capture theories, and they tend to be strongly affected by the literature on immigration. This study of naturalization breaks with the usual immigration theories and proposes an approach over centuries and decades toward explaining naturalization rates. First, it provides consistent evidence to support the long-term existence of colonizer, settler, non-colonizer, and Nordic nationality regime types that frame naturalization over centuries. Second it shows how left and green parties, along with an index of nationality laws, explain the lion's share of variation in naturalization rates. The text makes these theoretical claims believable by using the most extensive data set to date on naturalization rates that include jus soli births. It analyzes this data with a combination of carefully designed case studies comparing two to four countries within and between regime types.
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"The Ironies of Citizenship brings together an unprecedented wealth of information on citizenship that spans more than three decades and 18 countries. Janoski uses his impressive store of legal knowledge and naturalization statistics to forcefully argue that contemporary politics and historical experiences, especially of colonialism, are the driving forces behind immigrants' formal political membership today. An important, empirically-grounded addition to current debates about immigrant citizenship."
-Irene Bloemraad, University of California, Berkeley
-Irene Bloemraad, University of California, Berkeley