Robert F Williams
The New Jersey State Constitution a Reference Guide
Robert F Williams
The New Jersey State Constitution a Reference Guide
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This book is the first single volume to combine a detailed review of New Jersey's constitutional history and analysis of each section of the current constitution. It is the standard work on New Jersey constitutional development and law. Divided into two parts, the book first covers the historical development of the constitutions of 1776, 1844, the Constitutional Commission of 1873, and the current constitution written in 1947. It then traces the origins and major judicial interpretations of each section of the present-day constitution. It concludes with an exhaustive bibliographical essay…mehr
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This book is the first single volume to combine a detailed review of New Jersey's constitutional history and analysis of each section of the current constitution. It is the standard work on New Jersey constitutional development and law. Divided into two parts, the book first covers the historical development of the constitutions of 1776, 1844, the Constitutional Commission of 1873, and the current constitution written in 1947. It then traces the origins and major judicial interpretations of each section of the present-day constitution. It concludes with an exhaustive bibliographical essay which organizes the most complete listing of primary and secondary sources to date.
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Hinweis: Dieser Artikel kann nur an eine deutsche Lieferadresse ausgeliefert werden.
Produktdetails
- Produktdetails
- Verlag: Rutgers University Press
- UPDATED edition
- Seitenzahl: 224
- Erscheinungstermin: 1. Oktober 1997
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 227mm x 151mm x 15mm
- Gewicht: 363g
- ISBN-13: 9780813524993
- ISBN-10: 0813524997
- Artikelnr.: 22392120
- Verlag: Rutgers University Press
- UPDATED edition
- Seitenzahl: 224
- Erscheinungstermin: 1. Oktober 1997
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 227mm x 151mm x 15mm
- Gewicht: 363g
- ISBN-13: 9780813524993
- ISBN-10: 0813524997
- Artikelnr.: 22392120
ROBERT F. WILLIAMS is Distinguished Professor of Law at Rutgers University, Camden.
Foreword by Richard J. Hughes 1997 Update and Commentary Introduction PART I. THE CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY OF NEW JERSEY Constitution of 1776 Constitution of 1844 The 1873
Constitutional Commission
Constitutional Change from 1875 to 1940 The 1947
Constitution
Constitutional Developments from 1947 Conclusion PART II. NEW JERSEY
CONSTITUTION AND COMMENTARY Preamble Article I: Rights and Privileges Paragraph 1. Natural and Unalienable Rights Paragraph 2. Political Power; Object of Government Paragraph 3. Rights of Conscience; Religious Freedom Paragraph 4. Establishment of Religious Sect; Religious or Racial Test for Public Office Paragraph 5. Denial of Rights; Discrimination; Segregation Paragraph 6. Liberty of Speech and of the Press; Libel; Province of Jury Paragraph 7. Freedom from Unreasonable Searches and Seizures; Warrant Paragraph 8. Presentment or Indictment of Grand Jury; Necessity; Exceptions Paragraph 9. Trial by Jury; Jury of Six Persons; Verdict in Civil Causes; Trial of Mental Incompetency without Jury Paragraph 10. Rights of Persons Accused of Crime Paragraph 11. Double Jeopardy; Bail Paragraph 12. Excessive Bail or Fines; Cruel and Unusual Punishments Paragraph 13. Imprisonment for Debt or Militia Fine Paragraph 14. Habeas Corpus Paragraph 15. Military Subordinate to Civil Power Paragraph 16. Quartering of Soldiers Paragraph 17. Treason Paragraph 18. Right of Assembly and Petition Paragraph 19. Persons in Private Employment; Right to Organize; Collective Bargaining; Public Employees Paragraph 20. Private Property for Public Use Paragraph 21. Saving Clause Article II: Elections and Suffrage Paragraph 1. General Elections Paragraph 2. Public Questions; General Election; Publication Paragraph 3. Entitlement to Vote; Registration Paragraph 4. Voting by Members of Armed Services Paragraph 5. Military Service Not Considered Residence Paragraph 6. Idiots or Insane May Not Vote Paragraph 7. Laws May Deprive Criminals of RIght to Vote; Restoration\ Article III: Distribution of the Powers of Government Paragraph 1. Three Branches; Seperation of Powers Article IV: Legislative Section I. Legislature Paragraph 1. Legislative Power Paragraph 2. Eligibility for Senate and General Assembly Paragraph 3. Legislative Term; Sessions Paragraph 4. Special Sessions; Governor's Call Section II. Composition of Senate and General Assembly Paragraph 1. Number of Senators; Districts Paragraph 2. Election of Senators; Term Paragraph 3. Number of General Assembly Members; Districts Paragraph 4. Election of Members of General Assembly; Term Section III. Appointment Paragraph 1. Apportionment Commission Paragraph 2. Apportionment Commission; Extra Member Appointed By Chief Justice Paragraph 3. Apportionment to Remain Until Next Decennial Census Section IV. Legislative Rules and Procedure; Comprensation Paragraph 1. Vacancies Paragraph 2. Each House to Judge its Own Members; Quorum; Absent Members Paragraph 3. Officers; Rules of Procedure; Punishment for Members Paragraph 4. Journals Paragraph 5. Adjournments Paragraph 6. Bills and Joint Resolutions; Reading; Majority Vote Recorded in Journal Paragraph 7. Compensation; No Other Allowance or Emoluments Paragraph 8. Compensation; No Increase or Decrease Until After Next Election Paragraph 9. Immunity of Members Section V. Members of Legislature Paragraph 1. No Member to Take Position Created, or for Which Emoluments Increased, During Term of Election Paragraph 2. Commission to Assist in Legislative Functions Paragraph 3. Member's Seat to Become Vacant Upon Assuming Federal or State Office Paragraph 4. Federal or State Officers, and Judges, Not Entitled to Seat in Legislature Paragraph 5. No Legislative Appointment of Executive or Judicial Officers; State Auditor Section VI. Laws Authorized Paragraph 1. Revenue Measures to Originate in General Assembly Paragraph 2. Legislature May Authorize Municipal Zoning Paragraph 3. Eminent Domain Paragraph 4. Emergency Powers Section VII. Laws Prohibited; Form of Laws Paragraph 1. No Legislative Divorce Paragraph 2. Laws Authorizing Gambling Prohibited; Exceptions Paragraph 3. No Bills of Attainder, Ex Post Facto Laws, Impairment of Contracts or Deprivation of Contractual Remedies Paragraph 4. Laws to Embrace But One Object, Expressed In Title; Exception Paragraph 5. Amendment or Revival of Laws Paragraph 6. Enacting Clause Paragraph 7. General Laws Paragraph 8. Private, Special or Local Laws; Notice Paragraph 9. Prohibited Private, Special or Local Laws Paragraph 10. Municipal or County Petition for Passage of Local Law; Adoption of Law by Ordinance or Vote of Electors Paragraph 11. Liberal Construction of Local Government Powers Section VIII. Legislative Oath Paragraph 1. Oath of Legislative Members Paragraph 2. Oath of Legislative Officers Article V: Executive Section I. Governor Paragraph 1. Executive Power Vested in Governor Paragraph 2. Eligibility for Governor Paragraph 3. Federal and Other State Officers Ineligible; Acceptance of Other Office to Vacate Seat Paragraph 4. Election Paragraph 5. Term; Limitation to Two Successive Terms Paragraph 6. Vacancy; Devolution of Powers Paragraph 7. Failure to Qualify, Absence or Inability to Discharge Duties; Devolution of Powers Paragraph 8. Vacancy; Limitation on Failure to Qualify, Absence or Inability to Discharge Duties Paragraph 9. Election to Fill Unexpired Term Paragraph 10. Salary; No Increase or Decrease During Term Paragraph 11. Faithful Execution of Laws; Enforcement Powers Paragraph 12. Powers and Duties Paragraph 13. Power to Fill Vacancies By Appointment Paragraph 14. Veto Power; Procedure Paragraph 15. Item Veto for Appropriation Bills Section II. Pardon and Parole Paragraph 1. Pardon Power Paragraph 2. Parole System Established by Law Section III: Militia Paragraph 1. Militia to Be Established by Law Paragraph 2. Appointment of Militia Officers Section IV. Executive Branch Paragraph 1. Limitation on Number of Executive Departments Paragraph 2. Governor to Supervise and Appoint Heads of Executive Departments Paragraph 3. Secretary of State and Attorney General Nominated by Governor; Advice and Consent of Senate; Term Paragraph 4. Departments Headed by Boards; Appointment by Governor Paragraph 5. Governor May Investigate State Officers or Employees; Require Written Statements; Removal Paragraph 6. Executive Regulations To Be Filed and Published Article VI: Judicial Section I. Judicial Power Paragraph 1. Judicial Power and Creation of Courts Section II. Supreme Court Paragraph 1. Justices of Supreme Court; Quorum; Temporary Assignments Paragraph 2. Appellate Jurisdiction Paragraph 3. Rules of Administration of Courts, Practice and Procedure; Admission and Discipline of Lawyers Section III. Superior Court Paragraph 1. Judges of Superior Court Paragraph 2. Original General Jurisdiction Paragraph 3. Divisions; Appellate, Law and Chancery Paragraph 4. Law and Chancery Division to Have Powers of the Other to Completely Resolve Controversies Section IV. County Courts (Repealed) Section V. Jurisdiction Paragraph 1. Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court Paragraph 2. Appellate Jurisdiction of Superior Court Paragraph 3. Original Jurisdiction of Supreme Court and Appellate Division Paragraph 4. Actions in Lieu of Prerogative Writs Section VI. Appointment of Judges Paragraph 1. Governor to Appoint; Advice and Consent of Senate Paragraph 2. Qualifications Paragraph 3. Term; Reappointment; Retirement; Pensions Paragraph 4. Impeachment; Removed from Office Paragraph 5. Incapacitation of Judges; Retirement Paragraph 6. Salaries Not to Be Diminished Paragraph 7. Judges Shall Hold No Other Office Section VII. Administration of Courts Paragraph 1. Chief Justice Administrative Head; Administrativce Director Paragraph 2. Chief Justice to Assign and Transfer Judges Paragraph 3. Clerks of Supreme Court and Superior Court Article VII. Public Officers and Employees Section I. State Offices Paragraph 1. Oath Paragraph 2. Civil Service Paragraph 3. Compensation Paragraph 4. Bond May Be Required Paragraph 5. Terms of Office Paragraph 6. State Auditor; Appointment by Senate and General Assembly; Duties Section II. County Officers Paragraph 1. County Prosecutors Paragraph 2. County Clerks, Surrogates and Sheriffs Section III. Impeachment Paragraph 1. Officers Liable to Impeachment Paragraph 2. Impeachment; Procedure Paragraph 3. Judgment of Impeachment Article VIII. Taxation and Finance Section I. Tax Assessment, Exemptions, and Deductions Paragraph 1. Uniform Rules for Property Assessment; Agricultural Exception Paragraph 2. Exemptions By General Laws Paragraph 3. Deduction for Military Service; Surviving Spouse Paragraph 4. Deduction for Senior Citizens Paragraph 5. Homestead Rebate or Credit Paragraph 6. Laws Permitting Municipalities to Grant Abatements or Exceptions Authorized Paragraph 7. Personal Income Tax Dedicated to Reducing Property Taxes Section II. Debt and Appropriations Paragraph 1. State Credit Not To Be Loaned Paragraph 2. Appropriations to Be Provided by Law; Single Annual Appropriation Bill; Balanced Budget Paragraph 3. Limit on State Debt Paragraph 4. Dedication of Portion of Motor Fuel Tax Section III. Local Government Debt Paragraph 1. Urban Redevelopment a Public Purpose; Tax Exemption Paragraph 2. Local Government Credit Not to be Loaned Paragraph 3. No Donation or Appropriation By State or Local Government to Private Entities Section IV. Public Schools Paragraph 1. Thorough and Efficient Free Public Schools Paragraph 2. Fund for Support of Free Public Schools Paragraph 3. Transportation Section V. Riparian Lands Paragraph 1. Limitation on State Claims to Riparian Lands Article IX. Amendments Paragraph 1. Procedure for Legislative Proposal Paragraph 2. Vote to Be Recorded in Journal Paragraph 3. Publication Prior to Vote Paragraph 4. Vote at General Election Paragraph 5. Separate and Distinct Vote on Each Amendment Paragraph 6. Approval by Voters; Effective Date Paragraph 7. Limitation on Resubmission to Voters of Rejected Amendments Aritlce X: General Provisions Paragraph 1. Seal of the State Paragraph 2. Grants and Commissions Paragraph 3. Writs Paragraph 4. Personal Pronouns Include Both Sexes Paragraph 5. Effective Date of Constitution Article XI: Schedule Notes to Part II Bibliographical Essay Table of Cases Index
Constitutional Commission
Constitutional Change from 1875 to 1940 The 1947
Constitution
Constitutional Developments from 1947 Conclusion PART II. NEW JERSEY
CONSTITUTION AND COMMENTARY Preamble Article I: Rights and Privileges Paragraph 1. Natural and Unalienable Rights Paragraph 2. Political Power; Object of Government Paragraph 3. Rights of Conscience; Religious Freedom Paragraph 4. Establishment of Religious Sect; Religious or Racial Test for Public Office Paragraph 5. Denial of Rights; Discrimination; Segregation Paragraph 6. Liberty of Speech and of the Press; Libel; Province of Jury Paragraph 7. Freedom from Unreasonable Searches and Seizures; Warrant Paragraph 8. Presentment or Indictment of Grand Jury; Necessity; Exceptions Paragraph 9. Trial by Jury; Jury of Six Persons; Verdict in Civil Causes; Trial of Mental Incompetency without Jury Paragraph 10. Rights of Persons Accused of Crime Paragraph 11. Double Jeopardy; Bail Paragraph 12. Excessive Bail or Fines; Cruel and Unusual Punishments Paragraph 13. Imprisonment for Debt or Militia Fine Paragraph 14. Habeas Corpus Paragraph 15. Military Subordinate to Civil Power Paragraph 16. Quartering of Soldiers Paragraph 17. Treason Paragraph 18. Right of Assembly and Petition Paragraph 19. Persons in Private Employment; Right to Organize; Collective Bargaining; Public Employees Paragraph 20. Private Property for Public Use Paragraph 21. Saving Clause Article II: Elections and Suffrage Paragraph 1. General Elections Paragraph 2. Public Questions; General Election; Publication Paragraph 3. Entitlement to Vote; Registration Paragraph 4. Voting by Members of Armed Services Paragraph 5. Military Service Not Considered Residence Paragraph 6. Idiots or Insane May Not Vote Paragraph 7. Laws May Deprive Criminals of RIght to Vote; Restoration\ Article III: Distribution of the Powers of Government Paragraph 1. Three Branches; Seperation of Powers Article IV: Legislative Section I. Legislature Paragraph 1. Legislative Power Paragraph 2. Eligibility for Senate and General Assembly Paragraph 3. Legislative Term; Sessions Paragraph 4. Special Sessions; Governor's Call Section II. Composition of Senate and General Assembly Paragraph 1. Number of Senators; Districts Paragraph 2. Election of Senators; Term Paragraph 3. Number of General Assembly Members; Districts Paragraph 4. Election of Members of General Assembly; Term Section III. Appointment Paragraph 1. Apportionment Commission Paragraph 2. Apportionment Commission; Extra Member Appointed By Chief Justice Paragraph 3. Apportionment to Remain Until Next Decennial Census Section IV. Legislative Rules and Procedure; Comprensation Paragraph 1. Vacancies Paragraph 2. Each House to Judge its Own Members; Quorum; Absent Members Paragraph 3. Officers; Rules of Procedure; Punishment for Members Paragraph 4. Journals Paragraph 5. Adjournments Paragraph 6. Bills and Joint Resolutions; Reading; Majority Vote Recorded in Journal Paragraph 7. Compensation; No Other Allowance or Emoluments Paragraph 8. Compensation; No Increase or Decrease Until After Next Election Paragraph 9. Immunity of Members Section V. Members of Legislature Paragraph 1. No Member to Take Position Created, or for Which Emoluments Increased, During Term of Election Paragraph 2. Commission to Assist in Legislative Functions Paragraph 3. Member's Seat to Become Vacant Upon Assuming Federal or State Office Paragraph 4. Federal or State Officers, and Judges, Not Entitled to Seat in Legislature Paragraph 5. No Legislative Appointment of Executive or Judicial Officers; State Auditor Section VI. Laws Authorized Paragraph 1. Revenue Measures to Originate in General Assembly Paragraph 2. Legislature May Authorize Municipal Zoning Paragraph 3. Eminent Domain Paragraph 4. Emergency Powers Section VII. Laws Prohibited; Form of Laws Paragraph 1. No Legislative Divorce Paragraph 2. Laws Authorizing Gambling Prohibited; Exceptions Paragraph 3. No Bills of Attainder, Ex Post Facto Laws, Impairment of Contracts or Deprivation of Contractual Remedies Paragraph 4. Laws to Embrace But One Object, Expressed In Title; Exception Paragraph 5. Amendment or Revival of Laws Paragraph 6. Enacting Clause Paragraph 7. General Laws Paragraph 8. Private, Special or Local Laws; Notice Paragraph 9. Prohibited Private, Special or Local Laws Paragraph 10. Municipal or County Petition for Passage of Local Law; Adoption of Law by Ordinance or Vote of Electors Paragraph 11. Liberal Construction of Local Government Powers Section VIII. Legislative Oath Paragraph 1. Oath of Legislative Members Paragraph 2. Oath of Legislative Officers Article V: Executive Section I. Governor Paragraph 1. Executive Power Vested in Governor Paragraph 2. Eligibility for Governor Paragraph 3. Federal and Other State Officers Ineligible; Acceptance of Other Office to Vacate Seat Paragraph 4. Election Paragraph 5. Term; Limitation to Two Successive Terms Paragraph 6. Vacancy; Devolution of Powers Paragraph 7. Failure to Qualify, Absence or Inability to Discharge Duties; Devolution of Powers Paragraph 8. Vacancy; Limitation on Failure to Qualify, Absence or Inability to Discharge Duties Paragraph 9. Election to Fill Unexpired Term Paragraph 10. Salary; No Increase or Decrease During Term Paragraph 11. Faithful Execution of Laws; Enforcement Powers Paragraph 12. Powers and Duties Paragraph 13. Power to Fill Vacancies By Appointment Paragraph 14. Veto Power; Procedure Paragraph 15. Item Veto for Appropriation Bills Section II. Pardon and Parole Paragraph 1. Pardon Power Paragraph 2. Parole System Established by Law Section III: Militia Paragraph 1. Militia to Be Established by Law Paragraph 2. Appointment of Militia Officers Section IV. Executive Branch Paragraph 1. Limitation on Number of Executive Departments Paragraph 2. Governor to Supervise and Appoint Heads of Executive Departments Paragraph 3. Secretary of State and Attorney General Nominated by Governor; Advice and Consent of Senate; Term Paragraph 4. Departments Headed by Boards; Appointment by Governor Paragraph 5. Governor May Investigate State Officers or Employees; Require Written Statements; Removal Paragraph 6. Executive Regulations To Be Filed and Published Article VI: Judicial Section I. Judicial Power Paragraph 1. Judicial Power and Creation of Courts Section II. Supreme Court Paragraph 1. Justices of Supreme Court; Quorum; Temporary Assignments Paragraph 2. Appellate Jurisdiction Paragraph 3. Rules of Administration of Courts, Practice and Procedure; Admission and Discipline of Lawyers Section III. Superior Court Paragraph 1. Judges of Superior Court Paragraph 2. Original General Jurisdiction Paragraph 3. Divisions; Appellate, Law and Chancery Paragraph 4. Law and Chancery Division to Have Powers of the Other to Completely Resolve Controversies Section IV. County Courts (Repealed) Section V. Jurisdiction Paragraph 1. Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court Paragraph 2. Appellate Jurisdiction of Superior Court Paragraph 3. Original Jurisdiction of Supreme Court and Appellate Division Paragraph 4. Actions in Lieu of Prerogative Writs Section VI. Appointment of Judges Paragraph 1. Governor to Appoint; Advice and Consent of Senate Paragraph 2. Qualifications Paragraph 3. Term; Reappointment; Retirement; Pensions Paragraph 4. Impeachment; Removed from Office Paragraph 5. Incapacitation of Judges; Retirement Paragraph 6. Salaries Not to Be Diminished Paragraph 7. Judges Shall Hold No Other Office Section VII. Administration of Courts Paragraph 1. Chief Justice Administrative Head; Administrativce Director Paragraph 2. Chief Justice to Assign and Transfer Judges Paragraph 3. Clerks of Supreme Court and Superior Court Article VII. Public Officers and Employees Section I. State Offices Paragraph 1. Oath Paragraph 2. Civil Service Paragraph 3. Compensation Paragraph 4. Bond May Be Required Paragraph 5. Terms of Office Paragraph 6. State Auditor; Appointment by Senate and General Assembly; Duties Section II. County Officers Paragraph 1. County Prosecutors Paragraph 2. County Clerks, Surrogates and Sheriffs Section III. Impeachment Paragraph 1. Officers Liable to Impeachment Paragraph 2. Impeachment; Procedure Paragraph 3. Judgment of Impeachment Article VIII. Taxation and Finance Section I. Tax Assessment, Exemptions, and Deductions Paragraph 1. Uniform Rules for Property Assessment; Agricultural Exception Paragraph 2. Exemptions By General Laws Paragraph 3. Deduction for Military Service; Surviving Spouse Paragraph 4. Deduction for Senior Citizens Paragraph 5. Homestead Rebate or Credit Paragraph 6. Laws Permitting Municipalities to Grant Abatements or Exceptions Authorized Paragraph 7. Personal Income Tax Dedicated to Reducing Property Taxes Section II. Debt and Appropriations Paragraph 1. State Credit Not To Be Loaned Paragraph 2. Appropriations to Be Provided by Law; Single Annual Appropriation Bill; Balanced Budget Paragraph 3. Limit on State Debt Paragraph 4. Dedication of Portion of Motor Fuel Tax Section III. Local Government Debt Paragraph 1. Urban Redevelopment a Public Purpose; Tax Exemption Paragraph 2. Local Government Credit Not to be Loaned Paragraph 3. No Donation or Appropriation By State or Local Government to Private Entities Section IV. Public Schools Paragraph 1. Thorough and Efficient Free Public Schools Paragraph 2. Fund for Support of Free Public Schools Paragraph 3. Transportation Section V. Riparian Lands Paragraph 1. Limitation on State Claims to Riparian Lands Article IX. Amendments Paragraph 1. Procedure for Legislative Proposal Paragraph 2. Vote to Be Recorded in Journal Paragraph 3. Publication Prior to Vote Paragraph 4. Vote at General Election Paragraph 5. Separate and Distinct Vote on Each Amendment Paragraph 6. Approval by Voters; Effective Date Paragraph 7. Limitation on Resubmission to Voters of Rejected Amendments Aritlce X: General Provisions Paragraph 1. Seal of the State Paragraph 2. Grants and Commissions Paragraph 3. Writs Paragraph 4. Personal Pronouns Include Both Sexes Paragraph 5. Effective Date of Constitution Article XI: Schedule Notes to Part II Bibliographical Essay Table of Cases Index
Foreword by Richard J. Hughes 1997 Update and Commentary Introduction PART I. THE CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY OF NEW JERSEY Constitution of 1776 Constitution of 1844 The 1873
Constitutional Commission
Constitutional Change from 1875 to 1940 The 1947
Constitution
Constitutional Developments from 1947 Conclusion PART II. NEW JERSEY
CONSTITUTION AND COMMENTARY Preamble Article I: Rights and Privileges Paragraph 1. Natural and Unalienable Rights Paragraph 2. Political Power; Object of Government Paragraph 3. Rights of Conscience; Religious Freedom Paragraph 4. Establishment of Religious Sect; Religious or Racial Test for Public Office Paragraph 5. Denial of Rights; Discrimination; Segregation Paragraph 6. Liberty of Speech and of the Press; Libel; Province of Jury Paragraph 7. Freedom from Unreasonable Searches and Seizures; Warrant Paragraph 8. Presentment or Indictment of Grand Jury; Necessity; Exceptions Paragraph 9. Trial by Jury; Jury of Six Persons; Verdict in Civil Causes; Trial of Mental Incompetency without Jury Paragraph 10. Rights of Persons Accused of Crime Paragraph 11. Double Jeopardy; Bail Paragraph 12. Excessive Bail or Fines; Cruel and Unusual Punishments Paragraph 13. Imprisonment for Debt or Militia Fine Paragraph 14. Habeas Corpus Paragraph 15. Military Subordinate to Civil Power Paragraph 16. Quartering of Soldiers Paragraph 17. Treason Paragraph 18. Right of Assembly and Petition Paragraph 19. Persons in Private Employment; Right to Organize; Collective Bargaining; Public Employees Paragraph 20. Private Property for Public Use Paragraph 21. Saving Clause Article II: Elections and Suffrage Paragraph 1. General Elections Paragraph 2. Public Questions; General Election; Publication Paragraph 3. Entitlement to Vote; Registration Paragraph 4. Voting by Members of Armed Services Paragraph 5. Military Service Not Considered Residence Paragraph 6. Idiots or Insane May Not Vote Paragraph 7. Laws May Deprive Criminals of RIght to Vote; Restoration\ Article III: Distribution of the Powers of Government Paragraph 1. Three Branches; Seperation of Powers Article IV: Legislative Section I. Legislature Paragraph 1. Legislative Power Paragraph 2. Eligibility for Senate and General Assembly Paragraph 3. Legislative Term; Sessions Paragraph 4. Special Sessions; Governor's Call Section II. Composition of Senate and General Assembly Paragraph 1. Number of Senators; Districts Paragraph 2. Election of Senators; Term Paragraph 3. Number of General Assembly Members; Districts Paragraph 4. Election of Members of General Assembly; Term Section III. Appointment Paragraph 1. Apportionment Commission Paragraph 2. Apportionment Commission; Extra Member Appointed By Chief Justice Paragraph 3. Apportionment to Remain Until Next Decennial Census Section IV. Legislative Rules and Procedure; Comprensation Paragraph 1. Vacancies Paragraph 2. Each House to Judge its Own Members; Quorum; Absent Members Paragraph 3. Officers; Rules of Procedure; Punishment for Members Paragraph 4. Journals Paragraph 5. Adjournments Paragraph 6. Bills and Joint Resolutions; Reading; Majority Vote Recorded in Journal Paragraph 7. Compensation; No Other Allowance or Emoluments Paragraph 8. Compensation; No Increase or Decrease Until After Next Election Paragraph 9. Immunity of Members Section V. Members of Legislature Paragraph 1. No Member to Take Position Created, or for Which Emoluments Increased, During Term of Election Paragraph 2. Commission to Assist in Legislative Functions Paragraph 3. Member's Seat to Become Vacant Upon Assuming Federal or State Office Paragraph 4. Federal or State Officers, and Judges, Not Entitled to Seat in Legislature Paragraph 5. No Legislative Appointment of Executive or Judicial Officers; State Auditor Section VI. Laws Authorized Paragraph 1. Revenue Measures to Originate in General Assembly Paragraph 2. Legislature May Authorize Municipal Zoning Paragraph 3. Eminent Domain Paragraph 4. Emergency Powers Section VII. Laws Prohibited; Form of Laws Paragraph 1. No Legislative Divorce Paragraph 2. Laws Authorizing Gambling Prohibited; Exceptions Paragraph 3. No Bills of Attainder, Ex Post Facto Laws, Impairment of Contracts or Deprivation of Contractual Remedies Paragraph 4. Laws to Embrace But One Object, Expressed In Title; Exception Paragraph 5. Amendment or Revival of Laws Paragraph 6. Enacting Clause Paragraph 7. General Laws Paragraph 8. Private, Special or Local Laws; Notice Paragraph 9. Prohibited Private, Special or Local Laws Paragraph 10. Municipal or County Petition for Passage of Local Law; Adoption of Law by Ordinance or Vote of Electors Paragraph 11. Liberal Construction of Local Government Powers Section VIII. Legislative Oath Paragraph 1. Oath of Legislative Members Paragraph 2. Oath of Legislative Officers Article V: Executive Section I. Governor Paragraph 1. Executive Power Vested in Governor Paragraph 2. Eligibility for Governor Paragraph 3. Federal and Other State Officers Ineligible; Acceptance of Other Office to Vacate Seat Paragraph 4. Election Paragraph 5. Term; Limitation to Two Successive Terms Paragraph 6. Vacancy; Devolution of Powers Paragraph 7. Failure to Qualify, Absence or Inability to Discharge Duties; Devolution of Powers Paragraph 8. Vacancy; Limitation on Failure to Qualify, Absence or Inability to Discharge Duties Paragraph 9. Election to Fill Unexpired Term Paragraph 10. Salary; No Increase or Decrease During Term Paragraph 11. Faithful Execution of Laws; Enforcement Powers Paragraph 12. Powers and Duties Paragraph 13. Power to Fill Vacancies By Appointment Paragraph 14. Veto Power; Procedure Paragraph 15. Item Veto for Appropriation Bills Section II. Pardon and Parole Paragraph 1. Pardon Power Paragraph 2. Parole System Established by Law Section III: Militia Paragraph 1. Militia to Be Established by Law Paragraph 2. Appointment of Militia Officers Section IV. Executive Branch Paragraph 1. Limitation on Number of Executive Departments Paragraph 2. Governor to Supervise and Appoint Heads of Executive Departments Paragraph 3. Secretary of State and Attorney General Nominated by Governor; Advice and Consent of Senate; Term Paragraph 4. Departments Headed by Boards; Appointment by Governor Paragraph 5. Governor May Investigate State Officers or Employees; Require Written Statements; Removal Paragraph 6. Executive Regulations To Be Filed and Published Article VI: Judicial Section I. Judicial Power Paragraph 1. Judicial Power and Creation of Courts Section II. Supreme Court Paragraph 1. Justices of Supreme Court; Quorum; Temporary Assignments Paragraph 2. Appellate Jurisdiction Paragraph 3. Rules of Administration of Courts, Practice and Procedure; Admission and Discipline of Lawyers Section III. Superior Court Paragraph 1. Judges of Superior Court Paragraph 2. Original General Jurisdiction Paragraph 3. Divisions; Appellate, Law and Chancery Paragraph 4. Law and Chancery Division to Have Powers of the Other to Completely Resolve Controversies Section IV. County Courts (Repealed) Section V. Jurisdiction Paragraph 1. Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court Paragraph 2. Appellate Jurisdiction of Superior Court Paragraph 3. Original Jurisdiction of Supreme Court and Appellate Division Paragraph 4. Actions in Lieu of Prerogative Writs Section VI. Appointment of Judges Paragraph 1. Governor to Appoint; Advice and Consent of Senate Paragraph 2. Qualifications Paragraph 3. Term; Reappointment; Retirement; Pensions Paragraph 4. Impeachment; Removed from Office Paragraph 5. Incapacitation of Judges; Retirement Paragraph 6. Salaries Not to Be Diminished Paragraph 7. Judges Shall Hold No Other Office Section VII. Administration of Courts Paragraph 1. Chief Justice Administrative Head; Administrativce Director Paragraph 2. Chief Justice to Assign and Transfer Judges Paragraph 3. Clerks of Supreme Court and Superior Court Article VII. Public Officers and Employees Section I. State Offices Paragraph 1. Oath Paragraph 2. Civil Service Paragraph 3. Compensation Paragraph 4. Bond May Be Required Paragraph 5. Terms of Office Paragraph 6. State Auditor; Appointment by Senate and General Assembly; Duties Section II. County Officers Paragraph 1. County Prosecutors Paragraph 2. County Clerks, Surrogates and Sheriffs Section III. Impeachment Paragraph 1. Officers Liable to Impeachment Paragraph 2. Impeachment; Procedure Paragraph 3. Judgment of Impeachment Article VIII. Taxation and Finance Section I. Tax Assessment, Exemptions, and Deductions Paragraph 1. Uniform Rules for Property Assessment; Agricultural Exception Paragraph 2. Exemptions By General Laws Paragraph 3. Deduction for Military Service; Surviving Spouse Paragraph 4. Deduction for Senior Citizens Paragraph 5. Homestead Rebate or Credit Paragraph 6. Laws Permitting Municipalities to Grant Abatements or Exceptions Authorized Paragraph 7. Personal Income Tax Dedicated to Reducing Property Taxes Section II. Debt and Appropriations Paragraph 1. State Credit Not To Be Loaned Paragraph 2. Appropriations to Be Provided by Law; Single Annual Appropriation Bill; Balanced Budget Paragraph 3. Limit on State Debt Paragraph 4. Dedication of Portion of Motor Fuel Tax Section III. Local Government Debt Paragraph 1. Urban Redevelopment a Public Purpose; Tax Exemption Paragraph 2. Local Government Credit Not to be Loaned Paragraph 3. No Donation or Appropriation By State or Local Government to Private Entities Section IV. Public Schools Paragraph 1. Thorough and Efficient Free Public Schools Paragraph 2. Fund for Support of Free Public Schools Paragraph 3. Transportation Section V. Riparian Lands Paragraph 1. Limitation on State Claims to Riparian Lands Article IX. Amendments Paragraph 1. Procedure for Legislative Proposal Paragraph 2. Vote to Be Recorded in Journal Paragraph 3. Publication Prior to Vote Paragraph 4. Vote at General Election Paragraph 5. Separate and Distinct Vote on Each Amendment Paragraph 6. Approval by Voters; Effective Date Paragraph 7. Limitation on Resubmission to Voters of Rejected Amendments Aritlce X: General Provisions Paragraph 1. Seal of the State Paragraph 2. Grants and Commissions Paragraph 3. Writs Paragraph 4. Personal Pronouns Include Both Sexes Paragraph 5. Effective Date of Constitution Article XI: Schedule Notes to Part II Bibliographical Essay Table of Cases Index
Constitutional Commission
Constitutional Change from 1875 to 1940 The 1947
Constitution
Constitutional Developments from 1947 Conclusion PART II. NEW JERSEY
CONSTITUTION AND COMMENTARY Preamble Article I: Rights and Privileges Paragraph 1. Natural and Unalienable Rights Paragraph 2. Political Power; Object of Government Paragraph 3. Rights of Conscience; Religious Freedom Paragraph 4. Establishment of Religious Sect; Religious or Racial Test for Public Office Paragraph 5. Denial of Rights; Discrimination; Segregation Paragraph 6. Liberty of Speech and of the Press; Libel; Province of Jury Paragraph 7. Freedom from Unreasonable Searches and Seizures; Warrant Paragraph 8. Presentment or Indictment of Grand Jury; Necessity; Exceptions Paragraph 9. Trial by Jury; Jury of Six Persons; Verdict in Civil Causes; Trial of Mental Incompetency without Jury Paragraph 10. Rights of Persons Accused of Crime Paragraph 11. Double Jeopardy; Bail Paragraph 12. Excessive Bail or Fines; Cruel and Unusual Punishments Paragraph 13. Imprisonment for Debt or Militia Fine Paragraph 14. Habeas Corpus Paragraph 15. Military Subordinate to Civil Power Paragraph 16. Quartering of Soldiers Paragraph 17. Treason Paragraph 18. Right of Assembly and Petition Paragraph 19. Persons in Private Employment; Right to Organize; Collective Bargaining; Public Employees Paragraph 20. Private Property for Public Use Paragraph 21. Saving Clause Article II: Elections and Suffrage Paragraph 1. General Elections Paragraph 2. Public Questions; General Election; Publication Paragraph 3. Entitlement to Vote; Registration Paragraph 4. Voting by Members of Armed Services Paragraph 5. Military Service Not Considered Residence Paragraph 6. Idiots or Insane May Not Vote Paragraph 7. Laws May Deprive Criminals of RIght to Vote; Restoration\ Article III: Distribution of the Powers of Government Paragraph 1. Three Branches; Seperation of Powers Article IV: Legislative Section I. Legislature Paragraph 1. Legislative Power Paragraph 2. Eligibility for Senate and General Assembly Paragraph 3. Legislative Term; Sessions Paragraph 4. Special Sessions; Governor's Call Section II. Composition of Senate and General Assembly Paragraph 1. Number of Senators; Districts Paragraph 2. Election of Senators; Term Paragraph 3. Number of General Assembly Members; Districts Paragraph 4. Election of Members of General Assembly; Term Section III. Appointment Paragraph 1. Apportionment Commission Paragraph 2. Apportionment Commission; Extra Member Appointed By Chief Justice Paragraph 3. Apportionment to Remain Until Next Decennial Census Section IV. Legislative Rules and Procedure; Comprensation Paragraph 1. Vacancies Paragraph 2. Each House to Judge its Own Members; Quorum; Absent Members Paragraph 3. Officers; Rules of Procedure; Punishment for Members Paragraph 4. Journals Paragraph 5. Adjournments Paragraph 6. Bills and Joint Resolutions; Reading; Majority Vote Recorded in Journal Paragraph 7. Compensation; No Other Allowance or Emoluments Paragraph 8. Compensation; No Increase or Decrease Until After Next Election Paragraph 9. Immunity of Members Section V. Members of Legislature Paragraph 1. No Member to Take Position Created, or for Which Emoluments Increased, During Term of Election Paragraph 2. Commission to Assist in Legislative Functions Paragraph 3. Member's Seat to Become Vacant Upon Assuming Federal or State Office Paragraph 4. Federal or State Officers, and Judges, Not Entitled to Seat in Legislature Paragraph 5. No Legislative Appointment of Executive or Judicial Officers; State Auditor Section VI. Laws Authorized Paragraph 1. Revenue Measures to Originate in General Assembly Paragraph 2. Legislature May Authorize Municipal Zoning Paragraph 3. Eminent Domain Paragraph 4. Emergency Powers Section VII. Laws Prohibited; Form of Laws Paragraph 1. No Legislative Divorce Paragraph 2. Laws Authorizing Gambling Prohibited; Exceptions Paragraph 3. No Bills of Attainder, Ex Post Facto Laws, Impairment of Contracts or Deprivation of Contractual Remedies Paragraph 4. Laws to Embrace But One Object, Expressed In Title; Exception Paragraph 5. Amendment or Revival of Laws Paragraph 6. Enacting Clause Paragraph 7. General Laws Paragraph 8. Private, Special or Local Laws; Notice Paragraph 9. Prohibited Private, Special or Local Laws Paragraph 10. Municipal or County Petition for Passage of Local Law; Adoption of Law by Ordinance or Vote of Electors Paragraph 11. Liberal Construction of Local Government Powers Section VIII. Legislative Oath Paragraph 1. Oath of Legislative Members Paragraph 2. Oath of Legislative Officers Article V: Executive Section I. Governor Paragraph 1. Executive Power Vested in Governor Paragraph 2. Eligibility for Governor Paragraph 3. Federal and Other State Officers Ineligible; Acceptance of Other Office to Vacate Seat Paragraph 4. Election Paragraph 5. Term; Limitation to Two Successive Terms Paragraph 6. Vacancy; Devolution of Powers Paragraph 7. Failure to Qualify, Absence or Inability to Discharge Duties; Devolution of Powers Paragraph 8. Vacancy; Limitation on Failure to Qualify, Absence or Inability to Discharge Duties Paragraph 9. Election to Fill Unexpired Term Paragraph 10. Salary; No Increase or Decrease During Term Paragraph 11. Faithful Execution of Laws; Enforcement Powers Paragraph 12. Powers and Duties Paragraph 13. Power to Fill Vacancies By Appointment Paragraph 14. Veto Power; Procedure Paragraph 15. Item Veto for Appropriation Bills Section II. Pardon and Parole Paragraph 1. Pardon Power Paragraph 2. Parole System Established by Law Section III: Militia Paragraph 1. Militia to Be Established by Law Paragraph 2. Appointment of Militia Officers Section IV. Executive Branch Paragraph 1. Limitation on Number of Executive Departments Paragraph 2. Governor to Supervise and Appoint Heads of Executive Departments Paragraph 3. Secretary of State and Attorney General Nominated by Governor; Advice and Consent of Senate; Term Paragraph 4. Departments Headed by Boards; Appointment by Governor Paragraph 5. Governor May Investigate State Officers or Employees; Require Written Statements; Removal Paragraph 6. Executive Regulations To Be Filed and Published Article VI: Judicial Section I. Judicial Power Paragraph 1. Judicial Power and Creation of Courts Section II. Supreme Court Paragraph 1. Justices of Supreme Court; Quorum; Temporary Assignments Paragraph 2. Appellate Jurisdiction Paragraph 3. Rules of Administration of Courts, Practice and Procedure; Admission and Discipline of Lawyers Section III. Superior Court Paragraph 1. Judges of Superior Court Paragraph 2. Original General Jurisdiction Paragraph 3. Divisions; Appellate, Law and Chancery Paragraph 4. Law and Chancery Division to Have Powers of the Other to Completely Resolve Controversies Section IV. County Courts (Repealed) Section V. Jurisdiction Paragraph 1. Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court Paragraph 2. Appellate Jurisdiction of Superior Court Paragraph 3. Original Jurisdiction of Supreme Court and Appellate Division Paragraph 4. Actions in Lieu of Prerogative Writs Section VI. Appointment of Judges Paragraph 1. Governor to Appoint; Advice and Consent of Senate Paragraph 2. Qualifications Paragraph 3. Term; Reappointment; Retirement; Pensions Paragraph 4. Impeachment; Removed from Office Paragraph 5. Incapacitation of Judges; Retirement Paragraph 6. Salaries Not to Be Diminished Paragraph 7. Judges Shall Hold No Other Office Section VII. Administration of Courts Paragraph 1. Chief Justice Administrative Head; Administrativce Director Paragraph 2. Chief Justice to Assign and Transfer Judges Paragraph 3. Clerks of Supreme Court and Superior Court Article VII. Public Officers and Employees Section I. State Offices Paragraph 1. Oath Paragraph 2. Civil Service Paragraph 3. Compensation Paragraph 4. Bond May Be Required Paragraph 5. Terms of Office Paragraph 6. State Auditor; Appointment by Senate and General Assembly; Duties Section II. County Officers Paragraph 1. County Prosecutors Paragraph 2. County Clerks, Surrogates and Sheriffs Section III. Impeachment Paragraph 1. Officers Liable to Impeachment Paragraph 2. Impeachment; Procedure Paragraph 3. Judgment of Impeachment Article VIII. Taxation and Finance Section I. Tax Assessment, Exemptions, and Deductions Paragraph 1. Uniform Rules for Property Assessment; Agricultural Exception Paragraph 2. Exemptions By General Laws Paragraph 3. Deduction for Military Service; Surviving Spouse Paragraph 4. Deduction for Senior Citizens Paragraph 5. Homestead Rebate or Credit Paragraph 6. Laws Permitting Municipalities to Grant Abatements or Exceptions Authorized Paragraph 7. Personal Income Tax Dedicated to Reducing Property Taxes Section II. Debt and Appropriations Paragraph 1. State Credit Not To Be Loaned Paragraph 2. Appropriations to Be Provided by Law; Single Annual Appropriation Bill; Balanced Budget Paragraph 3. Limit on State Debt Paragraph 4. Dedication of Portion of Motor Fuel Tax Section III. Local Government Debt Paragraph 1. Urban Redevelopment a Public Purpose; Tax Exemption Paragraph 2. Local Government Credit Not to be Loaned Paragraph 3. No Donation or Appropriation By State or Local Government to Private Entities Section IV. Public Schools Paragraph 1. Thorough and Efficient Free Public Schools Paragraph 2. Fund for Support of Free Public Schools Paragraph 3. Transportation Section V. Riparian Lands Paragraph 1. Limitation on State Claims to Riparian Lands Article IX. Amendments Paragraph 1. Procedure for Legislative Proposal Paragraph 2. Vote to Be Recorded in Journal Paragraph 3. Publication Prior to Vote Paragraph 4. Vote at General Election Paragraph 5. Separate and Distinct Vote on Each Amendment Paragraph 6. Approval by Voters; Effective Date Paragraph 7. Limitation on Resubmission to Voters of Rejected Amendments Aritlce X: General Provisions Paragraph 1. Seal of the State Paragraph 2. Grants and Commissions Paragraph 3. Writs Paragraph 4. Personal Pronouns Include Both Sexes Paragraph 5. Effective Date of Constitution Article XI: Schedule Notes to Part II Bibliographical Essay Table of Cases Index