Health service delivery in Uganda has been decentralised since the 1990s as part of the reform processes. Uganda is among the 57 countries with critical human resource shortages. Several reports provide staggering evidence regarding health worker performance problems in decentralised health services. These include; absenteeism, neglect of patients, drug pilferage and poor staff motivation among others. The Ugandan Ministry of Health annual report of 2007/2008 indicates that some health indicators are either stagnating or deteriorating, thanks to inadequate health worker performance. This book highlights factors influencing the performance of health workers in decentralised services. The author developed a performance management framework for improving health worker performance. The book will be of use to human resources for health practitioners, performance management researchers, general human resources managers and individuals with interest in decentralised health services.