Metals and metal alloys constitute a category of materials that accompanied mankind's evolution along the millennia, evolving and refining with it. In recent years, new and diversified non-metallic materials have emerged, materials that partially replace metal products. This process does not diminish the importance of metals, but rather represents a challenge. A challenge meant to stimulate studies and research driving both to the improvement of the use characteristics and of the manufacturing costs of metal products. This paper offers to those interested by the field of materials science the elements required for the knowledge of metals and their alloys, of their properties of use and possibilities of modification in the intended manner.