Isidore Marie Auguste François Xavier Comte (January 19, 1798 - September 5, 1857) was a French philosopher, mathematician, and writer who developed the positivist theory. He is frequently recognized as the first philosopher of science in the modern sense. Comte's theories were also crucial to the formation of sociology; in fact, he coined the name and saw sociology as the pinnacle of the sciences. Comte's work, influenced by Henri de Saint-Simon, tried to repair the social chaos caused by the French Revolution, which he believed signaled the impending transition to a new form of society. He attempted to develop positivism, a new social theory based on science. He had a significant influence on nineteenth-century thought, influencing the work of social theorists like John Stuart Mill and George Eliot. His concept of Sociologie and social evolutionism set the tone for early social theorists and anthropologists such as Harriet Martineau and Herbert Spencer, maturing into contemporary academic sociology as realistic and objective social study presented by Émile Durkheim. Comte's social theories culminated in his "Religion of Humanity," which foreshadowed the 19th-century emergence of non-theistic religious humanist and secular humanist organizations. He may have also invented the term altruisme (altruism).
Introduction
1. Account of the aim of this work - View of the nature and importance of the Positive Philosophy
2. View of the hierarchy of the positive sciences
Part I. Mathematics: 1. Mathematics, abstract and concrete
2. General view of mathematical analysis
3. General view of geometry
4. Rational mechanics
Part II. Astronomy: 1. General view
2. Methods of study of astronomy
3. Geometrical phenomena of the heavenly bodies
4. Celestial statics
5. Celestial dynamics
6. Sidereal astronomy and cosmogony
Part III. Physics: 1. General view
2. Barology
3. Thermology
4. Acoustics
5. Optics
6. Electrology
Part IV. Chemistry: 1. General view
2. Inorganic Chemistry
3. Doctrine of definite proportions
4. The electro-chemical theory
5. Organic chemistry
Part V. Biology: 1. General view of biology
2. Anatomical philosophy
3. Biotaxic philosophy
4. Organic or vegetative life
5. The animal life
6. Intellectual and moral or cerebral functions.
