First, the relevance of managing diversity in Ethiopia in general and Benishangul Gumuz Regional State in particular is growing. However, the research concerning the practices of self-rule and shard-rule at regional and sub-regional levels of governments has not yet been done in a comprehensive manner. Hence, the result of this book is significant. Secondly, it is obvious that the FDRE constitution explicitly recognizes every nation's nationalities and the people of Ethiopia as equal. However, when we observe practically, particularly in sub-national states, the legal framework highly disregards the issues of ethnic minorities within their respective regional states. As a result, this book identified the major causes that led to the regions violating the rights of ethnic minorities and proposed potential remedies to help fill the gaps in this regard. Finally, this book seeks to contribute to the existing practices of unity and diversity in Benishangul Gumuz regional state.