This book is a reference work that examines the high concentrations of dissolved gases in Lake Kivu, while not remaining indifferent to the catastrophe that occurred in Lake Nyos in 1986. It was a limnic eruption in a meromictic lake with the same characteristics as Lake Kivu. However, to carry out our study, we used a comparative methodology and appropriate tools. The objectives were to determine whether a limnic eruption is possible in Lake Kivu; to identify the possible consequences of a limnic eruption in Lake Kivu; to draw up a plan for managing and preventing the risks and disasters of a limnic eruption in Lake Kivu; and to compare the endogenous, exogenous and heterogeneous factors between Lake Kivu and Lake Nyos with regard to limnic eruption.