The responsibility to protect as a principle of International Law appeared in 2001 with the "Evans Shaloum report" and will be consecrated in 2005. The attention given to this subject is explained by the desire, the animation that we bring to the populations in situation of humanitarian crisis. For example, the one that the Syrian populations are living since March 2011. Indeed, this study has made us realize that the international community has been pushed by the former Secretary General of the United Nations Kofi Annan to provide effective solutions for the protection of people. However, the responsibility to protect does not seem to effectively address the dilemma of protecting people in distress.