The reconfiguration of the Eurasian world has Russia and China as its main promoters, with the implementation of important mechanisms of association, cooperation and concertation, among which the Shanghai Cooperation Organization stands out as the articulating entity of the regional dynamics. In this context, the development of two important Eurasian projects is fundamental: the Chinese mega-project New Silk Road and the Russian initiative Eurasian Economic Union, promoted by Xi Jinping and Vladimir Putin respectively. The degree of concertation reached by both parties at present has put to debate whether these actors can be considered partners or allies, taking into account that history confronts and rivals them in a common area of influence, the present has taught them the gains of coexistence, and the future is full of challenges and uncertainties towards which, moving forward together or separately, will make paths in Eurasia.