The population structure of Dessie town is one of the main towns in Amahara regional state of Ethiopia where the young constitutes the largest proportion. It is estimated about three thousand HIV/AIDS infected people are found and Orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) are considered some of the groups most heavily affected by the HIV/AIDS pandemic in the town. This book, therefore, investigate the situations of HIV/AIDS infected and affected people in the town. Both qualitative and quantitative findings show that there is luck of sufficient access to basic services like food, health care, Shelter, education and economic support for HIV/AIDS infected and affected people in the town. There is lack of coordination of efforts and resources among the stakeholders. Programs and projects have also been identified as being developed without studies and response analysis of the beneficiaries. Therefore, the study findings suggest the recommendations basically the coordination, follow up and control of HIV/AIDS activities in the town should be strengthened.