This paper seeks to analyse the right to definitive title to the lands of Remaining Quilombo Communities through the case study of the Pedro Cubas de Cima Quilombo, in Eldorado Paulista-SP. It seeks to demonstrate the legal protection of the lands traditionally occupied by the remaining Quilombo communities and to show the stages of the administrative process for identifying, recognising, delimiting, demarcating and titling these lands. By demonstrating the legal protection of the lands traditionally occupied by the remaining Quilombo communities and the administrative process in search of definitive ownership, the aim is to highlight the obstacles to the realisation of this right. This study was made possible by analysing the legal norms that protect the lands traditionally occupied by the remaining Quilombo communities, national doctrine, anthropological reports, the administrative process opened by the Pedro Cubas de Cima community and the Brazilian political scenario in recent years.