Fundamental industrial issues that influence effective performance and operations of thermal power plant in an economic and environmentally friendly manner were addressed in this book. For instance, it was revealed in this book how operation of condenser at inappropriate condenser cooling water flowrate could cost the plant operator. The influence of reference temperature on plant efficiency and cost of operation was also addressed. From this book, it was also established that effective operation of thermal power plant saved not only cost but also guaranteed friendly environment. The concepts adopted in this book could also be applied in other process industries other than thermal power plant. The results obtained from the case study could serve as reference materials and helpful information for the plant operators towards schedule of contingency plan.