This book is an exercise in theological philosophy as it was practiced in ancient and medieval times, yet adapted to the present context, and brought about by the circumstances of our days. Evil now exceeds the limits wherein it was contained, be it the divine limit or the human limit. Hence, it seems that evil is on the loose, at large throughout the world, devoid of imputable cause or control post. Hence we ask: is there not today, in our broad perception of evil in the world, even if we confine to the evil done and its repercussions, a ground which may favour the revival of Manichaeism? This is the central question of this book issued from the question of Anselm's argument and leading to the question of the autonomy of the first principle.