Chickpea is the third most important food legume crop and India is the largest producer contributing to 65% of world's chickpea production. Even though India is the largest producer of chickpea; it still imports chickpea from other countries. Keeping in view, the ever increasing demand for this legume crop; it is essential to improve the production and area under cultivation, at the same time minimizing the stress on this crop plant.The important gram growing countries in the world are India, Turkey, Pakistan, Iran, Canada, Russia and Morocco. The largest gram producing countries are India and Pakistan. India ranks first in the world in respect of production as well as acreage followed by Pakistan. The largest gram producing states in India with respect to area are Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana and Karnataka. In Maharashtra chickpea is rank second next to pigeonpea in the production and productivity.