Water is the most important mainstay of life on the planet and one of the most important factors of life persistence. It plays a vital role in soil formation and development, and determines the quality of various forms of biochemical activity. Because all organisms were created via water to a large degree ranging between 70-97% of weight, water has had great importance as one of the first parameters of agro-production. Moreover, freshwater availability in all parts of the world had the decisive role in the emergence of several civilizations and their prosperity near water sources. On the other hand, water was a major cause to the extinction of other civilizations as a result of scarcity and wane of water sources. Integrated and rational management of available WRs in dry and semi-dry areas has become a critical necessity and the first challenge for all decision-makers, technicians and workers in water and agricultural sector, particularly in countries with limited renewable freshwater resources.