Type 2 diabetes mellitus is due to insulin resistance in 90 percent of cases and is a risk determinant for vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Chronic, systemic, low-grade, low-grade inflammation leads to loss of insulin sensitivity in the brain and cognitive impairment. The objective was to evaluate the impact of a 20-week exercise programme on cognitive (including quality of life) and inflammatory status in a sample of type 2 diabetic mellitus mellitus patients with a diagnosis of less than or equal to ten years, assisted by our integrated national health system.