Ultra-wideband (UWB) communications based on impulse radio introduces some advances in impulse radio system architecture, bringing together theoretical models and practical implementation circuits. The book covers a variety of transmitter and receiver techniques and architectures to optimize the performance of an UWB communication system compliant to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) spectral regulations. The most relevant contribution focuses on the advantages of the Frequency Sampling Receiver (FDS) by presenting a class of FDS receiver based on microwave filter-bank implemented on distributed planar technology. The mathematical theory of frames is used to characterize the signal space and provides an algorithm to digitally reconstruct the received signal. This work presents an end-to-end concept demonstrator that includes a variety of novel topologies of UWB passive devices based on distributed planar technology such as pulse shaping networks, a pulse inverter/non-inverter, a power splitter and the filter-bank.