The relevance of the research topic is determined by the fact that, according to modern researchers in the field of moral and ethical problems and philosophy of values, the following metamorphosis has occurred with modern mankind: "... the devastation in the souls of people gave rise to devastation in the environment." In terms of philosophical research within the framework of non-traditional ethics, ecological ethics, bioethics and the Teaching of Living Ethics were mainly analyzed. Indeed, behind the transformations of modern classical ethics lies the regularity of the change in general philosophical ideas, during which the historical development of social consciousness, in the aspect of its relationship with philosophical categories, will determine its higher theoretical status. This gives grounds to highlight the main theoretical approaches associated, first of all, with the definition of the category of responsibility. We see that in modern non-classical ethics there has been a transition to an awareness of responsibility as the most fundamental necessity that determines human activity. This work as a textbook on non-traditional ethics can be recommended to university students in order to get out of the modern spiritual crisis situation.