This Book is an intended to provide a Basic Knowledge on Sedimentology and helps to an Enlightening subject on Depositional Environmental of Sedimentary Basins, Will help Geology Students as well as Oil and Gas Exploration Industry for a basic understanding of Petroleum Reservoir and Petroleum System of the Basins. This book made in a sequential manner to understand the approach of Evaluation of Sedimentary Basins in terms of Geology, like Sedimentary Structure, Paleo-Current Analysis, Depositional Environmental and Facies Analysis, Trace Fossils, Sequence Stratigraphy and Sedimentary Geo-Chemistry. These concepts would help on Petroleum Exploration is to forecast the Subsurface Distribution of Reservoir Rocks, Seal Rocks and Source Rocks accurately by reconstructing the Paleo Depositional Environments of a Sedimentary Basin by using Geologic Data or by Cuttings or Cores, Well-log Data and Seismic Data etc. An idea on Depositional Environment is essential to the Geologists, Geophysicists and Reservoir Engineers who want to Analysis and Interpret Subsurface Data to Understand Exploration Plays and gives the excellent support during the Interpretation of Geophysical Data.