High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The United States Census Bureau is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census. It also gathers other national demographic and economic data. As part of the United States Department of Commerce, the Census Bureau serves as a leading source of data about America's people and economy. The most visible role of the Census Bureau is to perform the official decennial count of people living in the USA. One core result is to decide the number of seats each state is allowed in the House of Representatives. The agency director is a political appointee selected by the President of the United States.