This book aptly describes behavioural responses of upland rice to different water application under irrigation system in Nigeria. A two year dry season experiment,conducted at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Ibadan, Nigeria underscored the agronomic responses with respect to water use pattern. Crop water use at different growth stages were determined and alternate wetting and drying (AWD) technique was used as a water- saving strategy. From the study, increased irrigation does not imply increased crop water use. Different water variation due to crop phenological stages were also identified with the mid-season stage as the most dominant in consumptive water use. An increased rice yield production could be guaranteed if strict water conservation measure and moderate cropping intensity are practised. This book would be useful for policy makers in the Government,the academia and researchers in rice- related fields, Agricultural & Environmental Engineers, Agricultural economists and extension officers, rice farmers, food security experts and interested individuals in Agriculture for sustainable livelihoods and Economy development.