In this comprehensive guide, Chow and his co-authors (all experimental surgery, Singapore General Hospital) explain the characteristics and handling of animals used in biomedical research, practical details on managing a modern research animal facility (including imaging equipment), and the variety of uses of animal models. Topics include scientific considerations and choice of species, including the use of non-human primates, regulatory considerations in the use of animal models (with concentration on those of Singapore), animal handling and surgical procedures, including blood collection, antibiotic therapy, anesthesia and euthanasia, basic animal investigative methods, animal welfare, safety management, facility design, and, as a case study, the development of comprehensive animal facilities in Singapore.