In Romania, the genetic breeding of blueberries to obtain new, productive cultivars with large, aromatic fruits and plants resistant to winter frost remains a primary objective in research programs. The quality of fruits is determined by quality elements fixed in the genetic basis of each cultivar and how these are influenced by environmental conditions, applied cultivation technology, harvesting, transport, storage in temperature-controlled facilities, fruit packaging, and more. Apart from the commercial aspect, which is crucial for fruits intended for fresh consumption, important roles are played by taste and other characteristic features of the fruit (such as an average berry weight over 2.5 g, firm fruits, ripening in grouped bunches, color, aroma, consistency, etc.) and plants (including resistance/tolerance to specific diseases and suitability for mechanical harvesting).