This book presents the detail anatomy of renal artery. The variations of renal artery from its origin to termination have been described in details. Knowledge of variations in the origin, course, branching pattern and termination of the renal artery have assumed increased importance as renal transplantation, renovascular hypertension, vascular reconstruction for both congenital and acquired lesions, and reconstructive surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysms have become more common place in clinical surgical practice. The variations of renal artery are predisposing to some pathological disorders. Thus it is important for surgeons and radiologists to be aware of the possible variations of the renal artery, to prevent complications during surgical procedures. This book will serve to enhance the knowledge of the inquisitive and scientifically inclined readers and prove to be a perfect guide to surgeons for kidney transplantation.