Veterinary Anesthetic and Monitoring Equipment

Herausgeber: Cooley, Kristen G; Johnson, Rebecca A

• Gebundenes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

Veterinary Anesthetic and Monitoring Equipment is the first veterinary-specific resource solely dedicated to anesthetic and monitoring equipment used in clinical practice. * Offers a practical guide to anesthetic and monitoring equipment commonly used in veterinary medicine * Provides clinically oriented guidance to troubleshooting problems that may occur * Discusses general principles applicable to any equipment found in the practice * Presents information associated with novel anesthetic equipment and monitors

Produktdetails

• Verlag: Wiley
• Seitenzahl: 560
• Erscheinungstermin: 30. Oktober 2018
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 283mm x 220mm x 27mm
• Gewicht: 1574g
• ISBN-13: 9781119277156
• ISBN-10: 1119277159
• Artikelnr.: 51386044

Autorenporträt

The Editors Kristen G. Cooley, BA, CVT, VTS (Anesthesia/Analgesia), is an Instructional Specialist in the School of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Rebecca A. Johnson, DVM, PhD, DACVAA, is a Clinical Associate Professor of Anesthesia and Pain Management in the Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.

Inhaltsangabe

List of Contributors xvii Preface xxi 1 Medical Gas Cylinders and Pipeline
Systems 1 Carl Bradbrook 1.1 Medical Gas Cylinders 1 1.2 Liquid Oxygen
Tanks 8 1.3 Oxygen Concentrators 9 1.4 Medical Gas Pipeline Systems 9
References 15 2 Oxygen Concentrators 17 Allan Williamson 2.1 Introduction
17 2.2 Function 17 2.3 Product Gas 17 2.4 Clinical Use 18 2.5 Advantages 20
2.6 Disadvantages 20 2.7 Hazards 20 2.8 Summary 21 References 21 3 Small
Animal Anesthetic Machines and Equipment 23 Craig Mosley and Amanda Shelby
3.1 Introduction 23 3.2 Safety and Design 23 3.3 The Basic Veterinary
Anesthetic Machine 23 3.4 Breathing Systems 33 3.5 Waste Gas Scavenge
Systems 33 3.6 Routine Anesthesia Machine Checkout Procedures 33 References
34 4 Large Animal Anesthesia Machines and Equipment 35 Amanda Shelby 4.1
History of the Large Animal Anesthesia Machine 35 4.2 Purpose 35 4.3
Standards 35 4.4 Similarity to Small Animal Machines 35 4.5 Components of
the Anesthesia Machine 36 4.6 Large Animal Anesthesia Workstations 41 4.7
Common Commercially Available Machines 41 4.8 General Cautions 51 4.9
Miscellaneous Equipment for Large Animal Anesthesia 51 References 53 5
Anesthetic Vaporizers 55 Sharon Fornes, Kristen G. Cooley, and Rebecca A.
Johnson 5.1 Introduction 55 5.2 Vaporizer Physics 55 5.3 Vaporizer
Classification 56 5.4 Other Factors Affecting Vaporizers 62 5.5 Maintenance
and Repair 64 5.6 Current Vaporizer Standards 65 5.7 The Modern Vaporizer
65 5.8 Specific Vaporizers 66 5.9 Summary 71 References 71 6 Anesthetic
Ventilators 73 Katrina Lafferty 6.1 Introduction 73 6.2 Ventilator Function
in the Breathing Circuit 73 6.3 Tidal Volume Delivery 73 6.4 Driving Gas 74
6.5 Bellows Construction 75 6.6 Pressure Limiting Controls 76 6.7 Gas
Pressure Alarm 77 6.8 Exhaust Valve 77 6.9 Spill Valve 77 6.10 Ventilator
Hose Connection or Ventilator Hose Switch 77 6.11 Ventilation Modes 78 6.12
Cleaning and Sterilization 79 6.13 Pressure Checking 79 6.14 General
Concerns and Troubleshooting 80 6.15 Pediatric Ventilation 81 6.16 Basic
Ventilator-Patient Set-up 82 6.17 Small Animal Mechanical Ventilators 82
6.18 Large Animal Mechanical Ventilators 85 6.19 Conclusion 89 References
89 7 Humidification and Positive Pressure Equipment 91 Stephanie Keating
and Stuart Clark-Price 7.1 Humidification 91 7.2 Positive Pressure
Equipment 96 References 98 8 Waste Anesthetic Gas Collection and
Consequences 101 Heidi Reuss-Lamky 8.1 Introduction 101 8.2 Occupational
WAG Exposure 101 8.3 Physical Properties and Elimination 102 8.4
Pharmacodynamics 102 8.5 History of Governmental Regulations and Trace
(Waste) Gas Exposure 104 8.6 WAG Exposure Level Recommendations 104 8.7
Reducing Environmental WAG Exposure 104 8.8 The Anesthetist's
Responsibility 107 8.9 Monitoring WAG Exposure 112 8.10 Summary 112
References 113 9 Hazards of the Anesthetic Delivery System and Operating
Room Fires 115 Odette O 9.1 Hazards of the Anesthetic Delivery System 115
9.2 Operating Room Fires 123 References 125 10 Components of the Breathing
System 127 Craig Mosley and Amanda Shelby 10.1 Breathing Systems 127 10.2
Summary 139 References 139 11 Mapleson Breathing Systems 141 Tatiana
Ferreira 11.1 Introduction 141 11.2 Fresh Gas Flows (FGFs) 141 11.3
Advantages and Disadvantages 141 11.4 Choice of System 143 11.5 Specific
System Types 143 11.6 Combined Systems 150 11.7 Respiratory Gas Monitoring
150 11.8 Potential Hazards 151 References 152 12 The Circle System 155
Geoffrey Truchetti and Trish Anne Farry 12.1 Introduction 155 12.2
Components 155 12.3 Component Arrangement 162 12.4 Gas Flow 164 12.5
Resistance and Work of Breathing in the Circle System 166 12.6 Dead Space
166 12.7 Heat and Moisture 167 12.8 Maintenance 167 12.9
Advantages/Disadvantages 168 References 168 13 Laryngoscopes 171 Erin
Wendt-Hornickle 13.1 History 171 13.2 Laryngoscope Use 171 13.3 Description
171 13.4 Fiber Optic Endoscopes 174 13.5 Veterinary-Specific Laryngoscopes
175 13.6 Summary 175 References 176 14 Supraglottic Airway Devices and
Tracheal Tubes and Stylets 177 Jennifer Sager 14.1 Introduction 177 14.2
Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) 177 14.3 Veterinary-gel (v-gel(r)) Airway
Device 178 14.4 Endotracheal Tubes 179 14.5 Large Animal Endotracheal Tubes
184 14.6 Reinforced Tubes 185 14.7 Laser Safe Tubes 185 14.8 Single Lung
Intubation 186 14.9 Stylets 187 14.10 Cuff Pressure Manometers 188 14.11
Summary 190 References 190 15 Oxygen Delivery Systems 193 Jonathan Bach
15.1 Introduction 193 15.2 Oxygen Supplementation Techniques 193 15.3
Hyperbaric Oxygen 197 References 197 16 Gas Monitoring 199 Louise O'Dwyer
16.1 Introduction 199 16.2 Capnometry/Capnography 199 16.3 Oxygen
Measurement 207 16.4 Nitrous Oxide and Inhalation Agent Analyzers 208 16.5
Blood Gas Analysis: Partial Pressures of Oxygen and CO2 210 16.6 Conclusion
210 References 210 17 Airway Volumes, Flows and Pressures 213 Andrew Claude
and Alanna Johnson 17.1 Introduction 213 17.2 Definitions 213 17.3 Volume
and Flow Measurement Devices 214 17.4 The Ventilatory (Respiratory) Cycle
218 17.5 Airway Pressure Monitoring 219 17.6 Spirometry Loops 219
References 222 18 Pulse Oximetry 223 Odette O 18.1 Introduction 223 18.2
History 223 18.3 Importance of Pulse Oximetry 223 18.4 Function 224 18.5
Pulse Oximeter Probes 224 18.6 Uses 225 18.7 Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation
Curves in Different Species 225 18.8 Patient Factors 226 18.9 Abnormal
Hemoglobin 227 18.10 Sources of Error 227 18.11 Perfusion Index (PI) and
Plethysmograph Variability Index (PVI) 228 18.12 Other Pulse Oximeter
Models 229 18.13 Low Saturation Alarms 231 18.14 Pulse Oximetry Use in the
Recovery Period 231 18.15 Summary 231 References 232 19 Cardiovascular
Monitoring 235 Anderson Favaro da Cunha and Rebecca A. Johnson 19.1
Introduction 235 19.2 Definitions 235 19.3 Measurement Techniques 235 19.4
Patient Point of View 244 19.5 Central Venous Pressure (CVP) 245 19.6
Cardiac Output Monitoring 246 19.7 Conclusion 248 References 248 20
Electrocardiography 253 Tracey Lawrence 20.1 Overview 253 20.2 The ECG
Machine 253 20.3 Lead Systems 254 20.4 Mean Electrical Axis (MEA) 257 20.5
ECG Cycle 258 20.6 Electrode Placement 260 20.7 ECG Filters 263 20.8
Evaluating the ECG 264 20.9 Equipment Maintenance 268 20.10 Summary 268
References 269 21 Neuromuscular Transmission Monitoring 271 Molly Allen and
Rebecca A. Johnson 21.1 Introduction 271 21.2 Neuromuscular Transmission
271 21.3 Peripheral Nerve Stimulation 271 21.4 Monitoring Techniques 275
21.5 Other Equipment 279 References 280 22 Temperature Regulation and
Monitoring 285 Caroline Baldo and Darci Palmer 22.1 Introduction 285 22.2
Heat and Thermodynamics 285 22.3 Thermoregulation 285 22.4 Types of Heat
Loss 286 22.5 Heat Loss During Anesthesia 287 22.6 Effects of Hypothermia
and Hyperthermia 288 22.7 Re-Warming 289 22.8 Temperature Monitoring
Devices 290 22.9 Sites of Temperature Monitoring 291 22.10 Warming Devices
293 22.11 Active Warming Devices 293 22.12 Other Techniques to Minimize
Heat Loss 298 22.13 High-Risk Heating Methods 299 References 300 23 Fluid
Regulation and Monitoring 303 Julie Walker 23.1 Overview of Fluid
Physiology 303 23.2 Assessment of Fluid Balance 304 23.3 Advanced Fluid
Balance Monitoring Techniques 307 23.4 Fluid Therapy 311 23.5 Equipment for
Fluid Therapy 312 23.6 Summary 319 References 319 24 Anesthetic Records 323
Thomas Riebold 24.1 Introduction 323 24.2 Maintaining Anesthetic Records
323 24.3 Monitoring Recommendations 323 24.4 Paper Anesthetic Records 324
24.5 Electronic Anesthetic Records 324 24.6 Transitioning from Paper to
Electronic Medical Records 327 24.7 Specific Types of Anesthetic Monitoring
Software 328 24.8 Patient Management and Digital Records 330 24.9 Automated
Dispensing Systems and Record Keeping 333 References 333 25 Equipment for
the Magnetic Resonance Imaging System 335 Kris Kruse-Elliott 25.1 Basic
Principles of Magnetic Resonance Imaging 335 25.2 Regulations 337 25.3 MRI
Hazard Classification 337 25.4 Types of Metal 338 25.5 Gauss Lines and
Safety Zones 338 25.6 Specific Hazards 339 25.7 Compatible MRI Equipment
340 25.8 Anesthetic Machines 340 25.9 Vaporizers 341 25.10 Ventilators 342
25.11 Laryngoscopes 342 25.12 Endotracheal Tubes and Airway Devices 342
25.13 Monitors 342 25.14 Miscellaneous Items 345 25.15 Summary 346
References 346 26 Equipment for Environmental Extremes and Field Techniques
349 David Brunson and Kristen G. Cooley 26.1 Environmental Extremes 349
26.2 Temperature 349 26.3 Atmospheric Pressure 351 26.4 Drug Delivery
Systems 352 26.5 Monitoring Equipment 356 26.6 Field Techniques 358 26.7
Anesthesia for Situations with Limited Means 358 26.8 Stress 362 26.9
Summary 363 References 363 27 Equipment Checkout and Maintenance 365 Molly
Allen and Lesley Smith 27.1 Introduction 365 27.2 Daily Checks 365 27.3
Other Equipment 373 27.4 End of Case 373 27.5 Preventative Maintenance 374
References 374 28 Equipment Cleaning and Sterilization 377 Cristina de
Miguel Garcia and Kristen G. Cooley 28.1 Introduction 377 28.2 The
Decontamination Process 378 28.3 Recommendations for Cleaning and
Disinfecting Specific Items 384 References 388 29 Unique Species
Considerations: Dogs and Cats 391 Turi Aarnes 29.1 Introduction 391 29.2
Intubation 391 29.3 Breathing System 392 29.4 Monitoring 392 29.3 Recovery
393 29.6 Anesthetic Risk 393 References 394 30 Unique Species
Considerations: Ruminants and Swine 395 Denise Radkey, Lindsey Snyder, and
Rebecca A. Johnson Part I: Ruminants 395 30.1 Introduction 395 30.2
Handling and Restraint 395 30.3 IV Catheterization 396 30.4 Induction
Equipment 397 30.5 Tracheal Insufflation and Demand Valves 403 30.6 Padding
and Positioning 404 30.7 Monitoring Equipment 406 30.8 Commercial
Anesthetic Machines 408 30.9 Anesthetic Circuit 408 30.10 Anesthetic
Recovery 409 30.11 Summary 410 Part II: Swine 410 30.12 Introduction 410
30.13 Handling and Restraint 410 30.14 Intravenous Catheter Placement 411
30.15 Induction Equipment 412 30.16 Monitoring Equipment 414 30.17
Anesthetic Circuit 415 30.18 Anesthetic Recovery 416 30.19 Summary 416
References 416 31 Unique Species Considerations: Equine 419 Carolyn Kerr
31.1 Introduction 419 31.2 Sedation and Pre-Anesthetic Period
Considerations 419 31.3 General Anesthesia 426 31.4 Recovery Period 437
31.5 Medical Records 437 References 438 32 Unique Species Considerations:
Avian 441 Carrie Schroeder 32.1 Introduction 441 32.2 Anesthetic
Considerations 443 32.3 Venous Access 445 32.4 Anesthetic Monitors 446 32.5
Anesthetic Circuits 447 32.6 Maintenance of Body Temperature 448 32.7
Anesthetic Recovery 448 References 449 33 Unique Species Considerations:
Rabbits 451 Katrina Lafferty 33.1 Introduction 451 33.2 Intubation 451 33.3
Breathing Circuits 454 33.4 Monitors 454 33.5 Thermal Support 458 33.6
Summary 458 References 458 34 Unique Species Considerations: Rodents 461
Mario Arenillas Baquero and Rebecca A. Johnson 34.1 Introduction 461 34.2
Anesthetic Machines 461 34.3 Anesthetic Induction Chambers 462 34.4 Masks
464 34.5 Endotracheal Intubation and Intubation Devices 466 34.6
Ventilators 469 34.7 Monitoring Equipment 469 34.8 Warming Devices 473 34.9
Summary 474 References 474 35 Unique Species Considerations: Fish and
Amphibians 477 Kurt Sladky 35.1 Introduction 477 35.2 Fish and Amphibian
Anesthesia: Induction and Maintenance 477 35.3 Anesthetic Monitoring 483
References 486 36 Unique Species Considerations: Reptiles 489 Christoph
Mans 36.1 Introduction 489 36.2 Anesthetic Induction 489 36.3 Airway
Intubation 489 36.4 Anesthetic Monitoring 491 36.5 Summary 495 References
495 37 Unique Species Considerations: Non-Human Primates 497 Stephen Cital
37.1 General Anatomy 497 37.2 Taxonomy 497 37.3 Immobilizing Equipment 497
37.4 Anesthetic Machines 497 37.5 Monitors 498 37.6 Summary 501 References
502 Index 503