Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. The Vympel R-23 (NATO reporting name AA-7 Apex) is a medium-range air-to-air missile developed by the Soviet Union for fighter aircraft. An updated version with greater range, the R-24, replaced it in service. It is comparable to the American AIM-7 Sparrow, both in terms of overall performance as well as role.Design of a new missile to arm the MiG-23 fighter started in the mid-1960s under the direction of V.A. Pustyakov''s design team. Known as the K-23 during its design, the new weapon was intended for use against bomber-sized targets, with "snap-up" capability to attack targets at higher altitude than the launch aircraft.