Nonperforming water utilities in developing countries is a massive phenomenon with dire costs and consequences, especially in terms of excessive mortality and morbidity. The situation can be improved by more orderly, systematic and rational approach to performance management of natural monopolies. The book analyzes: performance management; current research and practices in management of water utilities; and relevant management theories. It proposes the Performance Management View and the Performance Management Framework (PMF). The PMF is intended as a methodological approach, which the IFIs, PPP participants and other financiers of urban water utilities in developing countries could adopt. The PMF would assist financiers by: 1. Drawing attention to critically important aspects of operations; 2. Packaging performance issues into distinct components, which could be formally negotiated within financing arrangements; 3. Providing concrete methodological guidance on how performance improvements could be achieved; 4. Enabling a common understanding amongst various stakeholders on handling performance improvements; 5. Providing a systematic and orderly approach to performance management.