Droughts, floods, water pollution, and other water related problems occur in different corners of the world. These problems take different shapes, mirroring the looming water crisis, which will undoubtedly increase during this century. Urbanization is one of the most significant processes affecting human societies, environment and water resources. The increasing water demand is caused not only by the increasing population but also by the lifestyle. In urban areas, in compliance with the level of economic and social development, the issues of water become more complex. Furthermore, recharging of water tends to decrease. Rainwater harvesting which had been practiced by our ancestors long time ago has to be optimally redeveloped recently. This book talks about water problems in general, land use change due to urbanization, water vulnerability and rainwater harvesting scenarios of development, included social and cultural factors. The case study is in KartaManTul-Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This book is good for graduate students, lecturers, researchers, decision makers, and consultant focusing on Environmental and or Water Resources Management, Hydrology, Geography, and Planology.