Weak and Electromagnetic Interactions in Nuclei

Proceedings of the International Symposium, Heidelberg, July 1¿5, 1986
Herausgegeben von Klapdor, Hans Volker

• Broschiertes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

Nuclear physics is presently experiencing a thrust towards fundamental phy sics questions. Low-energy experiments help in testing beyond today's stan dard models of particle physics. The search for finite neutrino masses and neutrino oscillations, for proton decay, rare and forbidden muon and pion de cays, for an electric dipole moment of the neutron denote some of the efforts to test today's theories of grand unification (GUTs, SUSYs, Superstrings, ... ) complementary to the search for new particles and symmetries in high-energy experiments. The close connections between the laws of microphysics, astrophysics and cosmology open further perspectives. This concerns, to mention some of them, properties of exotic nuclei and nuclear matter, and star evolution; the neutrino and the dark matter in the universe; relations between grand unification and evolution of the early universe. The International Symposium on Weak and Electromagnetic Interactions in Nuclei (W.E.LN. 1986)' held in Heidelberg 1-5 July 1986, in conjunction with the 600th anniversary of the University of Heidelberg, brought together experts in the fields of nuclear and particle physics, astrophysics and cosmol ogy.

Produktdetails

• Verlag: Springer / Springer Berlin Heidelberg / Springer, Berlin
• Artikelnr. des Verlages: 978-3-642-71691-1
• Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1986
• Seitenzahl: 1148
• Erscheinungstermin: 23. November 2011
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 244mm x 170mm x 61mm
• Gewicht: 1932g
• ISBN-13: 9783642716911
• ISBN-10: 3642716911
• Artikelnr.: 39506397

Inhaltsangabe

1 Weak and Electromagnetic Nuclear Properties and Excitations.- 1.1 Nuclei at Low Excitation.- Nuclear Moments: A Test of the Shell Model?.- Nuclear Isoscalar Magnetic Moments and Gauge Invariance.- Shell-Model Analyses of Weak and Electromagnetic Data: The Interplay of Many-Body and Single-Nucleonic Features.- Global Set of Quadrupole Deformation Parameters for Even-Even Nuclei.- Core Polarization for Magnetic Transitions (? = 1,2,4).- Evidence for Three Microscopically Different Kinds of E1 Transitions in Lead-Region Nuclei.- Electromagnetic Transitions in Octupolly Deformed Nuclei.- Observation of Full Sets of Coexisting Intruder Excitations in the N=58 Isotones and Isotopes of Zr: Evidence for Alpha Correlated Excitations?.- On the ?-Transition of 205T1 to 205Pb.- Study of the 1S Component of the Internal Bremsstrahlung Accompanying the (lu)-Forbidden Electron-Capture Decay of 41Ca.- Continuity-Equation Constraint and the Non-Uniqueness of the Vector Potential Decompositions.- Nuclear Clustering Effects in Colliding N=Z and N ? Z Nuclei.- Cluster Distortion Effects in Electron Scattering from Li.- The Effect of Hidden Colour on the Helium Isotropes.- 4 He D-State Effects in the 2H(d, ?)4He Reaction at Low Energies.- Electromagnetic Structure of the Deuteron in the Skyrme Model.- The Electromagnetic Radii of the Deuteron.- Asymmetry and Angular Distribution of Deuteron Photodisintegration in the 20-60 MeV Range.- Measurement of the Natural Widths of Thulium Atomic Levels in the Decay of 169Yb.- Measurements of Proton Strength Functions and Comparison with Theory.- Low Energy Photofission of Actinides.- Effects of the Vacuum-Polarization on Sub-Coulomb 12C-12C-Scattering.- 1.2 Nuclei in Highly Excited States.- 1.2.1 High Spin States.- Electromagnetic Properties of Nuclei at High Spins.- Shape Coexistence and Discrete Superdeformed States up to 60h in 152Dy.- Evolution of Nuclear Structure with Spin and Temperature.- Nuclear Rotation in the N?Z?36 Region.- Cooling of Hot Rotating Nuclei by Electric and Magnetic Dipole Radiation.- Energy Correlations of 7-Rays from Superdeformed States in Z=66 and 68 Isotopes; Multipolarities in 152Dy.- High Spin States Around A~150.- The Nucleus 136Sm and the Transition to a Strong Deformed Region at N=74-76.- Excitation of Stretched Particle-Hole States in Closed Shell Nuclei.- 1.2.2 Giant Resonances and Sum Rules.- Photon Decay of Giant Resonances.- Coincidence Electron Scattering (e, e?c) in the Giant Resonance Region of 28Si.- (e,e?f)-Coincidence Experiments on Uranium Isotopes.- The Isovector E2 Resonance in Y Observed in Neutron Radiative Capture.- Giant Dipole Resonances in Excited Nuclei.- Giant Resonances on Excited States in Deformed Nuclei.- Direct-Semidirect Proton Capture in the GDR Region.- Dispersion Relation Analysis of Photonuclear Data.- 1.3 Exotic Nuclei and Beta Decay far from Stability.- Search for Superheavy Elements - A Status Report.- Heavy Elements - Experiments on Synthesis and Decay.- What is the Source of the Narrow Positron Peaks Observed in Superheavy Collision Systems?.- New Information on Nuclear Structure in the Cd-In-Sn Region from Laser Spectroscopy and the Question of Core Polarization Contribution to Nuclear Radii.- Beta Decay of Neutron-Rich Transuranic Nuclei.- Studies of Heavy-Ion Produced Proton-Rich and Neutron-Rich Nuclei.- Study of Properties of Nuclei far from Stability at GANIL.- Beta Decay of Twelve Light Neutron-Rich Isotopes from 17C to 40S.- Beta Decay far from Stability and the Decay Heat of Nuclear Reactors.- Gamow-Teller Resonance in ?+-Decay of Heavy Nuclei and Delayed Proton Emission.- GT Beta Decay of 29Na - Comparison with Shell Model Predictions.- The Renormalization of the Axial-Vector Strength in Nuclei: Experiments on Superallowed Beta-Decay.- The ?g9/2 ? ?g7/2 Gamow-Teller Beta Decay of Even Nuclei Near 100Sn.- Giant GT+ Excitations of N=82 Nuclei Populated in ?+-Decay.- Experimental and Shell-Model Study of the Beta Decay of 43Ti.- Energies for Superallowed ft-Values: 42Sc(?+)42Ca.- Discovery of New Fission Product Activities in the A= 110-118 Mass Region.- 1.4 Spin-Isospin Excitations in Nuclei.- ?-Excitations in Nuclei.- Spin-Isospin Excitation by the (p, p?) Reaction.- Universal Gamow-Teller Quenching in (n,p), ($$ \left( {\vec{p},\vec{p}'} \right) $$) and (p,n) Reactions.- Spin-Isospin Excitations in Nuclei by the (p, n) Reaction.- Microscopic Description of (p, n) Reactions at Intermediate Energies.- Charge-Exchange Resonances in Deformed Nuclei.- Quenching of Gamow-Teller Strength and a Microscopic Derivation of the Effective ?33-Nucleon Interaction.- Does the Delta Quench Gamow-Teller Strength in (p, n)- and ($$ \left( {\vec{p},\vec{p}'} \right) $$)-Reactions?.- Symmetry Violation and Interplay between Giant Resonances and Background in Finite Nuclei.- Properties of a New Magnetic Dipole Mode Discovered in Low Energy Electron Scattering.- Mixed-Symmetry States in Proton-Neutron Systems.- Proton-Neutron Symmetry among Bosons.- F-Spin and Collective M1 Transitions.- Microscopic Calculations for Low-Lying Mi-Collective States in Deformed Nuclei.- Low-Frequency Neutron-Proton Vibrations.- The Convection Current for the 0+ ? 1+ Excitations in the Even-Even f7/2 Shell Nuclei.- Gamow-Teller Strength from Spin-Isospin Saturated Nuclei.- Calculation of the Gamow-Teller Resonance in Nuclear ?-Decay: The Cases 34Ar and 35Ar.- Nuclear Spin-Isospin Excitations Studied by Photopion Productions.- 6,7Li(?,?+) 6,7He Reactions for Highly Excited Resonances in 6,7He 352 K. Shoda et al.- 2 Electroweak Interactions in Nuclei and Subnucleonic Structure.- The Experimental Status of the EMC Effect.- QCD and Fermi Gas Model Interpretations of the E.M.C. Effect.- Massive Lepton Pair Production - the Drell-Yan Process - with Nuclear Targets.- The EMC Effect and the Swelling of Nucleons in Nuclei.- The Colour Conductivity Model and the Shadow Phenomenon in Nuclei.- Nuclear Effects in Deep-Inelastic Lepton-Nucleus Scattering.- Electromagnetic Response in Nuclei in Terms of the Quark Structure 404 C.M. Shakin.- Many Quark Effects in Electron-Nucleus Scattering.- Medium Effects on Nucleon Size.- Spin-Isospin Response in Nuclei.- On the Longitudinal Charge Response in the Quasielastic Peak Region.- Semi-Classical Calculation of the Nuclear Spin-Isospin Response Functions.- Nucleon Form Factors from Elastic Scattering of Polarized Leptons (e, ?, ?) from Polarized Nucleons.- Y-Scaling, FSI and the Choice of a Scaling Variable.- The Inclusive (?, ?+?-) Reaction in Nuclei as a Test of the Pion Dispersion Relation in Nuclear Matter.- 3 Status and Test of Electroweak Theories and GUT's.- 3.1 Status of Electroweak Theory.- Status of Electroweak Theory for Heavy Quark Decays and CP Violation.- Experimental Determination of the Kobayashi-Maskawa Matrix Elements.- Massive Neutrinos and Gauge Theories.- Constraints on the Left-Right Symmetric Models of Weak Interactions.- Determination of the Electro-Weak Mixing Angle in Neutrino Interactions.- Neutrinoless Double ?-Decay and Lepton Flavor Violation.- 3.2 Electroweak Interactions and Symmetries in Baryons, Nuclei and Atoms.- 3.2.1 Nuclear Beta Decay and Weak Coupling Constants.- The Beta Decay of the Neutron.- The Neutron Lifetime.- Constraints on General SU(2)L × SU(2)R × U(1) Electroweak Models from Nuclear Beta Decay.- Search for Anomalous "V+A" Currents in Nuclear Beta Decay.- Weak Interaction Studies of Oriented Nuclei Far from Stability.- Beta-Decay Asymmetry Measurements of the Mirror Nuclei.- Recent Calculations of Isospin-Mixing Corrections to the Fermi Matrix Element in Superallowed ?-Decay and the Determination of the Weak Vector Coupling Constant.- Axial-Vector Weak Coupling Constant gA and Quark Confinement in Nucleons.- Exchange Currents and Configuration Mixing Effects in the 16O(0+)-16N(0-) Transitions.- Measurements of the Longitudinal Electron Polarization in Nuclear Beta-Decay.- A Universal Source of Polarized Cold and Ultracold Neutrons at the LNPI WWR-M Reactor.- 3.2.2 Hyperons and Hypernuclei.- Semileptonic Hyperon Decays.- Electroweak Properties of the Baryons in QCD.- The Weak Decay of Hypernuclei.- Theoretical Aspects of the Weak Decay of Hypernuclei.- Heavy Hypernuclei.- Electromagnetic Transitions in Hypernuclei.- 3.2.3 Parity and CP Violation, Charge Symmetry.- Nuclear Probes of Fundamental Symmetries.- Parity Violation in Atoms.- Charge Symmetry and Charge Independence.- Electric Dipole Moment of 3He.- A Proposal for a High Sensitivity Search for T-Violation in Slow Neutron Resonances.- P-Violating Effects in the Integral Gamma-Ray Spectrum of n?-Reactions on Nuclei.- Some Macroscopic Effects of P- and T-Violation in Atoms.- Parity Nonconserving NN Interaction in SU(3)C × SU(2)L × U(1) Theory.- Measurement of the Parity Violation in Quasi-Elastic Electroweak Electron-Scattering from Be.- Strong Interaction Effects in Parity Violation in p-p Elastic Scattering.- Progress Report on an Experiment to Measure AI=0 Parity Mixing in 14N.- 3.3 Lepton Number Violation and Neutrino Mass.- 3.3.1 Double Beta Decay.- Double Beta Decay and Nuclear Structure.- Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay and a Limit on the Right-Handed Leptonic Current.- Nuclear Matrix Elements of 48Ca(01+) ? 48Ti(01+) Double Beta Decay.- Double Beta Decay: Experiments and New Techniques.- Ultralow Background Searches for ??-Decay, Cold Dark Matter and Solar Axions.- Limits on Lepton Number Non-Conservation Studied by Double Beta Decays of 76Ge and 100Mo.- New Limits on Neutrino Masses and Right-Handed Currents from Double Beta Decay.- An Experimental Search for Double Beta Decay in 82Se.- Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay of 76Ge. Preliminary Results of an Experiment in the Frejus Tunnel.- Searching for ?? Decay of 150Nd. Next Step.- New Possibilities in a Double Beta Decay Experiment Using Enriched 76Ge Inside of an Active Si(Li) Shielding.- 3.3.2 Solar Neutrinos.- Solar Neutrinos: Theory.- Neutrino Oscillations in Matter.- The Signal from the Gallium Solar Neutrino Detector: Implications for Neutrino Oscillations and Solar Models.- The Effective Interaction Dependence of the B Neutrino Capture Rate of the Ga Solar Neutrino Detector.- Microscopic Calculation of Neutrino Capture Rates in 69,71Ga and the Detection of Solar and Galactic Neutrinos.- Gamow-Teller Strength Functions via (p, n) and the Ga Solar Neutrino Detector.- The Sudbury D2O Neutrino Detector.- Low Energy Neutrino Detection with the Mont Blanc LSD Experiment.- The Solar Neutrino Problem as a Probe for Nuclear Astrophysics.- Exchange Currents in the Neutrino-Deuteron Reaction and the Solar Neutrino Problem.- 3.3.3 Reactor Neutrino Oscillation Experiments.- Neutrino Oscillation Experiments at Nuclear Power Reactors.- The Bugey Neutrino Oscillation Experiment. Status and a New Neutrino Detector.- Reactor Core Antineutrino Spectra.- Absolute Measurement of the Sum Beta-Spectra of all Fission Products from 235U(nth,f) and 239Pu(nth,f).- Reactor Antineutrinos and Underground Detectors.- Present Knowledge of the Lepton Mixing Matrix from Neutrino Oscillation Experiments.- Mixing Among Three States: A Practical Approximation and Its Application to Neutrino Oscillations.- 3.3.4 Tritium Decay and Electron Capture.- An Upper Limit for the Electron Antineutrino Mass.- A Limit on the Ve Mass in Free Molecular Tritium Beta Decay.- Measurement of the Mass of the Electron Neutrino Using Electron Capture in 163Ho.- 3.4 Muon Physics.- 3.4.1 Muon Decay and Lepton-Flavor Conservation.- Study of Rare and Forbidden ?- and ?-Decays.- Search for Muon-to-Electron Conversion in Titanium.- New Results for Rare Muon Decays.- Measurement and Analysis of the Rare Muon Decay.- Complete Determination of the Charged Leptonic Weak Interaction in Muon Decay.- 3.4.2 Muon Capture and ?-Atoms.- Muon Capture in Nuclei and Determination of Weak Coupling Constants.- Radiative Muon Capture and the Induced Pseudoscalar Coupling in Nuclei.- Possibilities to Measure Electroweak Effects in Muonic Atoms.- Heavy Muonic Atoms and Muon Capture.- A Measurement of the Muon Capture Rate in Liquid Deuterium by the Lifetime Technique.- Pion Exchange Current Effects in ??+ d ? ?-+ p + p.- Search for the Lambshift in Muonic Helium at Low Helium Pressures.- 3.5 GUT's, SUSY's, Superstrings.- 3.5.1 Further Basic Experiments for GUT's.- Nucleon Decay Experiments.- Neutron-Antineutron Oscillation Experiments.- Search for a Neutron Electric Dipole Moment.- An Experimental Search for the Neutron Electric Dipole Moment.- Search for Short-Lived Axions Emitted from Neutron Capture on Protons.- Search for Short-Lived Axions in a Nuclear Isoscalar Transition.- 3.5.2 Theory of GUT's, SUSY's, Superstrings.- The Present Status of Proton Decay and Baryon Number Nonconservation.- Quasi Standard Model Physics.- Hierarchy and Mass Spectrum from Minimal Supergravity.- Superstrings.- Baryon and Lepton Number Violation in Superstring Motivated Models.- Expectations for Neutrino Mass and Baryon Number Violation in Superstring Models.- 4 Weak Interaction in Astrophysics and Cosmology.- 4.1 Weak Interaction in Astrophysics.- Supernovae and High Density Nuclear Matter.- Electron Capture in Stellar Collapse.- Neutron Star Formation and the Weak Interaction.- Baryon and Lepton Number Violation in Astrophysics.- The Stellar Beta-Decay Rate of 79Se.- Coulomb Dissociation as a Source of Information on Radiative Capture Processes of Astrophysical Interest.- Competition of Neutron Capture and Beta Decay at the 85Kr and 151Sm Branchings, a Means to Estimate the s-Process Pulse Conditions.- Neutron Capture Cross Sections for 86Sr and 87Sr at Stellar Temperatures.- Laboratory Determination of the Half-Life of 187Re, a Nuclide of Cosmological Interest.- Interpretation of the Solar 48Ca/46Ca Abundance Ratio and the Correlated Ca-Ti-Cr Isotopic Anomalies in Inclusions of the Allende Meteorite.- 4.2 Evolution and Structure of the Universe.- The Inflationary Universe: Progress and Problems.- The Age of the Universe in Inflationary Cosmology.- Constraints on the Age of the Universe from Globular Clusters and the Cosmic Expansion Rate.- Evidence for a Nonvanishing Energy Density of the Vacuum or Cosmological Constant.- Weak Interaction and the Large Scale Structure of the Universe.- 5 Summary.- Summary.- 6 Append.- Large Scale Computing in Theoretical Physics: Example QCD.- Remarks on the History of the University of Heidelberg.- Six Hundred Years of Physics at Heidelberg.- List of Participants.- Index of Contributors.